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A. NO
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B. None of these
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C. O2
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D. CN⁻
Explanation
Two species are isoelectronic if they have the same number of electrons.
N₂ has 14 electrons (7 from each nitrogen atom).
CN⁻ also has 14 electrons (6 from carbon, 7 from nitrogen, and 1 extra due to the negative charge).
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A. 13 moles
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B. None of these
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C. 19 moles
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D. 38 miles
Explanation
- Balanced Equation:
- The coefficient of O₂ is 19, meaning 19 moles of O₂ are required.
مندرجہ ذیل میں سے کون سا ٹرانزیشن سب سے زیادہ توانائی کی منتقلی ہے؟
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A. n to π∗
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B. n to σ∗
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C. None of these
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D. σ to σ∗
Explanation
σ to σ* transition requires the highest energy.
Because it involves the breaking of a strong sigma bond.
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A. Hyperconjugation resonance broadens
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B. Resonance broaden the absorption
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C. Hydrogen bonding broadens the absorption
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D. Rotational energy
Explanation
- Hydrogen bonding in CH3OH causes a range of bond strengths, leading to broad absorption in the IR spectrum.
- This disrupts uniform vibrational energy levels, spreading the absorption over a wider frequency range.
ہائیڈروجن بانڈز میں _____ ہے؟
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A. Electrostatic nature
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B. None of these
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C. Coordinate nature
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D. Neutral nature
Explanation
- Hydrogen bonds are formed due to electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom (e.g., O, N, or F).
- This interaction is weaker than covalent bonds but stronger than van der Waals forces.
ایک مداری جو جوہری مدار کے مقابلے میں کم توانائی رکھتا ہے جس سے یہ تشکیل پایا جاتا ہے اسے ______ کہا جاتا ہے؟
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A. None of these
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B. Antibounding
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C. Bounding
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D. Addition
Explanation
- A bonding orbital is formed by the constructive interference of atomic orbitals.
- It resulting in lower energy compared to the atomic orbitals.
- It promotes the stability of the molecule by holding the nuclei together.
گروپ کی مستقل قطعیت کی وجہ سے نامیاتی کمپاؤنڈ پر متبادل اثر ______ کہا جاتا ہے؟
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A. Inert Pair Effect
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B. Inductive Effect
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C. Chelate Effect
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D. None of these
Explanation
- Inductive Effect refers to the electron-withdrawing or electron-donating effect of a substituent group in an organic compound.
- It is caused by the permanent polarity of the bond between the substituent and the rest of the molecule.
- This effect can influence the reactivity and stability of the compound.
تمام الیکٹرانوں کی جوڑی رکھنے والے مرکبات کو ______ کہا جاتا ہے؟
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A. Ferromagnetic
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B. None of these
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C. Diamagnetic
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D. Paramagnetic
Explanation
Compounds with all electrons paired are called diamagnetic.
These compounds are repelled by a magnetic field.
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A. None of these
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B. Ligand Field Theory
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C. Crystal Field Theory
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D. Hybridization
Explanation
- In CH₄ (methane), the observed bond angles are 109.5°, which cannot be explained by pure p orbitals (which would give 90° angles).
- The concept of sp³ hybridization explains the tetrahedral geometry and 109.5° bond angles.
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A. None of these
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B. VSEPR theory
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C. M.O theory
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D. Hybridization
Explanation
- BF₃ has a trigonal planar geometry with 120° bond angles, which cannot be explained by pure p orbitals (90°).
- The concept of sp² hybridization explains the observed bond angles by mixing one s and two p orbitals.
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