Explanation

• The philosophical foundation of curriculum is concerned with ideas.
• It involves examining fundamental beliefs, values, and principles that shape educational goals, content, and practices.
• These philosophical ideas influence the conception of knowledge, the nature of learning, and the purpose of education within the curriculum.

Explanation

A child’s positive or negative attitude is largely shaped by their home, social, and emotional environment.

Family interactions, peer influence, and surroundings play a major role in attitude development.

Explanation

Slow stretching and holding method gradually lengthens muscles and improves flexibility without causing injury.

Holding the stretch for 15-30 seconds allows muscles to adapt and relax, increasing range of motion effectively.

Explanation

Context variety means selecting learning content that caters to different learning styles and needs of diverse learners.

It recognizes that students learn differently, so varied contexts help improve understanding and engagement.

Explanation

Educational measurement is not absolute because it depends on factors like context, tools, and student performance.

Results can change over time due to improvements in learning or changes in assessment methods.

Explanation

A Criterion Referenced Test measures whether someone has met a specific standard or skill.

It compares performance against fixed criteria.

Explanation

The chief distinction in modern planning lies in participatory approaches—working with communities rather than imposing top-down decisions for them. This shift emphasizes:

Collaboration: Engaging stakeholders in decision-making.

Empowerment: Valuing local knowledge over external expertise alone.

Explanation

Implicit curriculum refers to the unspoken or informal lessons learned through the culture, environment, and norms of the school.

It includes values, attitudes, and behaviors that students pick up without being formally taught.

Explanation

Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory focuses on job content (motivators) and job context (hygiene factors).

It explains what motivates employees at work and what causes job dissatisfaction.

Explanation

Continuous evaluation helps identify learning gaps and improve teaching methods.

It ensures students’ progress is regularly monitored, raising education standards effectively.