Explanation

• In a cash book, all entries are initiated by the DDO (Drawing and Disbursing Officer).
• He is responsible for handling financial transactions, such as receiving and disbursing funds, and maintaining accurate records of cash transactions.

Explanation

Sensation is the simplest form of cognition, involving the basic detection of stimuli by sensory organs.

It is the initial step before perception or higher mental processes like conception.

Explanation

Revelation is considered the most authentic and divine source of knowledge in many religious and philosophical perspectives.

It is believed to come directly from a higher power (God), making it absolute and unquestionable.

Explanation

Decision means فیصلہ

A decision involves making a choice between two or more alternatives.

It is a core part of planning and problem-solving processes.

Explanation

Environmental education helps students understand the importance of nature and sustainability.

It promotes awareness and responsibility for protecting the environment as part of daily life.

Explanation

Operant conditioning, developed by B.F. Skinner, is learning based on the consequences of behavior (rewards or punishments).

Behavior is strengthened or weakened depending on whether it is followed by reinforcement or punishment.

Explanation

Need analysis in curriculum development identifies the gap between what is taught (theory) and what is required in real-world application (practice).

It ensures the curriculum is relevant and meets learners' practical needs.

Explanation

Critical thinking begins when students are encouraged to ask questions and challenge ideas.

Questioning helps them analyze information deeply rather than accepting it at face value.

Explanation

Measurement is the process of assigning numbers to variables or traits (like height, weight, marks) for quantification.

It provides the basis for further processes like testing, evaluation, and analysis.

Explanation

In educational planning, the acronym "SWOT" stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats.

SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used in education and business to assess internal strengths and weaknesses, along with external opportunities and threats.

It helps in decision-making and improving institutional or personal growth.