Population Genetics | MCQs

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Genetic drift is the random fluctuation of allele frequencies in a population.

They are often due to chance events or sampling errors.

It can lead to the loss of alleles, especially in small populations, or the increase in frequency of rare alleles.

The effect of genetic drift is more pronounced in smaller populations

Random events can have a greater impact on allele frequencies. 

Explanation

The smallest unit that can evolve is a population. 

Evolution refers to changes in the allele frequencies within a population over time

Since individual organisms cannot evolve on their own,

it's the group of individuals (the population) that experiences these changes. 

Explanation

The change in frequency of alleles at a locus that occurs by chance is known as genetic drift.

It is a random process that can lead to significant changes in small populations over time, independent of natural selection.

Explanation

Hardy-Weinberg's principle states that "gene frequency in a population remains stable and constant from generation to generation".

Hardy and Weinberg used mathematics to describe:

Equilibrium population (p = frequency of A, q = frequency of a, so p + q = 1)

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.

Where p and q are frequency of the dominant and recessive allele respectively.

This equation can also be used to calculate the genotypic frequencies in a population at equilibrium.

p2= homozygous dominant frequency

q2= homozygous recessive frequency

2pq= heterozygous frequency

Explanation

Explanation

Immigration introduces new individuals with unique genetic traits into a population.

It potentially adding new genetic material to the established gene pool.

Explanation

Explanation