MIC | MCQs

Explanation

• The high resolution of the electron microscope is primarily due to the short wavelength of the electron beam.
• This shorter wavelength allows for higher resolution and the ability to visualize smaller structures.

Explanation

Microorganisms that cause disease are collectively called pathogens.

Explanation

• The bacterial disease is: Leprosy
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• Hansen's disease also known as leprosy
• Hansen's disease is an infection caused by slow-growing bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae.
• It can affect the nerves, skin, eyes, and lining of the nose (nasal mucosa).
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• the Brucellosis bacterial disease has recently hit China affecting over 3000 people
• Hepatitis is not a bacterial disease
  

Explanation

A microwave oven heats food by using electromagnetic radiation at a specific frequency

That resonates with the water molecules in the food, causing them to vibrate and generate heat.

This process of energy transfer due to matching frequencies is called resonance. 

Explanation

 Microscope Diopter

This is a simple turning device which is either attached to the outside of an eyepiece tube of a binocular head, or to the eyepiece itself. When the diopter is turned, it raises or lowers the eyepiece to adjust the focus for each eye.

Explanation

Nitrogen fixation refers to the process of converting atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into a usable form for plants.

This can happen through several methods: 

Atmospheric fixation:

• This occurs naturally when lightning strikes, breaking the strong nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond and creating nitrogen oxides that can dissolve in rainwater.

Industrial fixation:

• This involves using high-temperature and pressure processes, like the Haber-Bosch process, to convert nitrogen into ammonia.
• This method is crucial for industrial agriculture. 

Biological fixation:

• This process is carried out by certain bacteria, such as those found in the root nodules of legumes (like peas and beans), or free-living bacteria in the soil.
• These bacteria can break down the nitrogen molecule and convert it into ammonia or other usable nitrogen compounds. 

Explanation

Atrichous bacteria are bacteria that lack flagella, and Bacillus is a rod-shaped bacteria that is classified as atrichous. 

Explanation

Myxospores are the spores produced by myxobacteria, specifically during a complex multicellular developmental process that occurs under conditions of nutrient starvation.

These spores are formed within a fruiting body, a three-dimensional structure that the myxobacteria aggregate to form when resources are scarce. 

Explanation

Bacillus bacteria:

These are rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacteria that can form endospores. 

Pseudomonas:

These are Gram-negative bacteria, not bacilli. 

Clostridium:

These are also Gram-positive bacteria, but they are anaerobic, unlike most Bacillus species. 

Salmonella:

These are Gram-negative bacteria, not bacilli. 

Streptococcus:

These are Gram-positive cocci (round bacteria), not bacilli. 

Explanation

Sarcina is a bacterial arrangement formed when cocci divide in three perpendicular planes, resulting in a cubical packet of 8 cells.

It is commonly seen in some Gram-positive cocci like Sarcina ventriculi.