MIC | MCQs

Explanation

Lactic acid is produced from pyruvic acid through a process called lactic acid fermentation.

It occurs in muscles during intense exercise or in certain microorganisms like Lactobacillus.

Pyruvic acid is a key intermediate in cellular respiration and is converted to lactic acid in the absence of oxygen.

Explanation

Biotechnology in industry refers to the use of biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to develop new products and processes on a large scale.

This includes the production of alcohol, antibiotics, vaccines, biofuels, and other commodities.

Explanation

Farmers were the earliest biotechnologists, as they inadvertently manipulated the genetic makeup of crops and livestock through selective breeding and domestication.

This traditional form of biotechnology dates back thousands of years, long before the discovery of DNA and modern genetic engineering techniques.

Explanation

Spores are specialized structures in unicellular organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and some protists, that enable asexual reproduction without fusion.

Spores are highly resistant to environmental stresses and can germinate into a new individual when conditions are favorable.

Explanation

Macronutrients are the nutrients that are needed in the highest concentration by living organisms.

They include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, which provide energy and support growth and maintenance of tissues.

Explanation

Centrioles are composed of 27 microtubules arranged in a specific pattern of nine triplets (9 x 3 = 27).

These microtubules are highly stable and form a rigid structure that plays a critical role in the formation of cilia, flagella, and spindle fibers during cell division.

Explanation

Electron microscopes produce higher-resolution images due to the shorter wavelength of electrons compared to visible light.

This enables them to reveal smaller details and structures that are not visible with light microscopes.

Explanation

The magnification of a light microscope is formed by a combination of the eyepiece and objective lens.

The objective lens collects and magnifies light from the sample.

It is then further magnified by the eyepiece, producing the final magnification.

Explanation

The resolution of a microscope is defined as the smallest distance between two points that can still be distinguished as separate.

The field of view of a microscope is defined as the largest distance between two points that can be observed simultaneously without moving the sample or the microscope.

Explanation

Microscopes are instruments designed to produce magnified visual images of small objects or samples.

It allowing us to see details that are not visible to the naked eye.