Islam | MCQs

Explanation

The Chishti Order is a Sufi order that emphasizes the importance of spiritual love and intimacy with Allah.

The Chishti's believe that love is the most powerful force in the universe and that it is the key to unlocking spiritual growth and self-realization.

They emphasize the development of a personal relationship with Allah, characterized by love, devotion, and intimacy.

The Chishti's also emphasize the importance of:

• Ishq (spiritual love)
• Muhabba (divine love)
• Uns (intimacy with Allah)
• Fana (annihilation of the self)

Explanation

Ibn Khaldun (d. 1406 CE) was a renowned Islamic scholar, historian, and economist.

He is widely recognized as one of the founders of modern economics.

His work, "The Muqaddimah" (The Prolegomena), is considered a seminal text in the field of Islamic economics.

Explanation

Ibn Arabi (d. 1240 CE) was a renowned Islamic philosopher, mystic, and scholar who wrote the influential text "Al-Futuhat Al-Makkiyyah" (The Meccan Revelations).

This work is considered one of the most important in Islamic philosophy and Sufism.

"Al-Futuhat Al-Makkiyyah" is a comprehensive treatise on Islamic philosophy, theology, and spirituality, covering topics such as:

• The nature of God and the universe
• The role of the prophet and the imam
• The path to spiritual realization and gnosis
• The unity of existence (wahdat al-wujud)

Explanation

The Naqshband order is a Sufi order that emphasizes the importance of spiritual retreat (khalwa) as a means of spiritual growth and self-purification.

Naqshbandis believe that spiritual retreat allows the individual to focus on their inner self, detach from worldly attachments, and cultivate a deeper connection with God.

The Naqshband order was founded by Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari (d. 1389 CE) and is known for its emphasis on:

• Spiritual retreat (khalwa)
• Silent contemplation (muraqaba)
• Devotional love (ishq)
• Inner purification (tazkiya)

Explanation

Al-Ghazali (d. 1111 CE) developed the theory of Acquired Knowledge (ilm al-muktasab), which posits that knowledge is acquired through reason, experience, and reflection, in addition to revelation and scripture.

He emphasized the importance of intellectual inquiry and critical thinking in understanding the nature of reality and the divine.

Explanation

Al-Shafi'i (d. 820 CE) was a renowned Islamic scholar and jurist.

He is known for his work on the principles of Islamic jurisprudence, particularly in his book "Al-Risala" (The Treatise).

Al-Shafi'i's contributions to Islamic jurisprudence include:

• Developing the concept of "usul al-fiqh" (principles of jurisprudence)
• Establishing the importance of "ijma" (consensus) and "qiyas" (analogical reasoning) in legal decision-making
• Clarifying the role of "hadith" (Prophetic traditions) in shaping Islamic law

Explanation

The Chishti Order is a Sufi order that emphasizes the importance of love and devotion to Allah.

It was founded by Abu Ishaq Shami Chishti (d. 941 CE).

He is known for its emphasis on spiritual purification, self-discipline, and love for the Divine.

Explanation

Ibn Sina (980-1037 CE) was a renowned Islamic philosopher and scholar who developed the theory of "Essential vs Accidental Existence".

This theory posits that existence can be categorized into two types:

• Essential existence (wujud bi-dhatihi): This refers to the necessary existence of God, which is inherent and self-sustaining.
• Accidental existence (wujud bi-ghayrihi): This refers to the contingent existence of created beings, which is dependent on God's will and sustenance.

Explanation

Imam Tirmizi (824-892 CE) was a renowned Islamic scholar and collector of hadith (Prophetic traditions).

He compiled a hadith collection known as Jami' al-Tirmizi.

It is considered one of the six most authentic hadith collections in Islam.

Imam Tirmizi's work is ranked fifth in the history of hadith collection, after:

1. Imam Bukhari (810-870 CE)
2. Imam Muslim (817-875 CE)
3. Imam Abu Dawud (817-889 CE)
4. Imam Nasa'i (823-915 CE)

So, Imam Tirmizi's collection is ranked fifth in the order of authenticity and preference.

Explanation

He was martyred in Karbala on 10^th Muharam-Ul-Haram.