Explanation

When water cools from 4°C to 0°C, ice crystals begin to form 

When water freezes, the water molecules form a lattice that increases the volume.

As a result, the density decreases

**

ND22-1-2023

Explanation

Earth, Mars, and Pluto have atmospheres that contain Nitrogen gas.

• Earth: ~78% nitrogen
• Mars: ~2.6% nitrogen
• Pluto: thin atmosphere with nitrogen ice and gas

Neptune's atmosphere is mostly hydrogen, helium, and methane, not nitrogen.

Explanation

The property that does not depend on the nature of the solute molecule is the Colligative property. 

Colligative properties depend solely on the number of solute particles present in a solution, not their identity or chemical nature. 

Explanation

Explanation

Kinetic energy (KE) is given by the formula:  

KE = ½ mv²

If speed is doubled (v → 2v), then:  

KE' = ½ m (2v)² = ½ m × 4v² = 4 × KE

So, kinetic energy increases by a factor of 4.

Explanation

Maximum height is reached when vertical velocity becomes zero.  

Using the kinematic equation:  

v² = u² - 2gh, with final v = 0,  

h = (vi² * sin²θ) / 2g.

Explanation

Formula:

B=μ0​I/2πr​

Where:

• $mu_0 = 4pi times 10^{-7} , text{T·m/A}$ 

• $I = 5 , text{A}$ (current)

• $r = 2,text{cm} = 0.02,text{m}$

Substituting Values:

$$B = frac{4pi times 10^{-7} , text{T·m/A} times 5 , text{A}}{2 times 3.14 times 0.02, text{m}}$$2×3.14×0.02m​

Let’s calculate step by step:

Numerator:

$$4pi times 10^{-7} times 5 = 20pi times 10^{-7}$$

Denominator:

$$2 times 3.14 times 0.02 = 0.1256$$

Now,

$$B = frac{20pi times 10^{-7}}{0.1256}$$0.1256​

$$approx frac{62.8 times 10^{-7}}{0.1256} approx 5 times 10^{-5} , text{T}$$0.1256 ≈5×10^−5T

Explanation

1 electron has a charge of 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C  

So, 1 C = 1 / (1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹) = 6.25 × 10¹⁸ electron

Explanation

Refraction is the change in the direction of light when it passes from one medium to another.

It is one of the most commonly observed natural phenomena of light.

Optical prisms and lenses involve refraction to redirect light, and so does the eyes of living beings.

Explanation

The magnitude of i · (j × k) is:

This is a scalar triple product, and for standard unit vectors:

i · (j × k) = 1