Explanation

The statement "The mechanical energy spent by the external agency is converted into electrical energy stored in the coil" relates to Lenz's law. 

Explanation

• Television remote controllers use infrared (IR) waves to transmit commands to the TV.
• IR waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with a frequency too low to be seen by the human eye.
• They are widely used in remote control applications, such as:
• TV remote controls
• Air conditioners
• DVD players
• Garage door openers

Explanation

Evaporation is the process by which molecules escape from the surface of a liquid to become vapor, even if the liquid is below its boiling point.

This occurs when some molecules have enough energy to break free from the surface tension of the liquid and turn into vapor.

Key Points:

• Boiling occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, causing bubbles to form and rise to the surface.
• Condensation is the process by which vapor is converted back into a liquid.
• Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids.

Explanation

Near Earth's surface, the acceleration due to gravity (g) is approximately 10 meters per second squared (10 ms^-2).

This is a fundamental constant that describes the strength of gravity on our planet.

Explanation

According to Raoult's Law, the relative lowering of vapor pressure for a solution is equal to the mole fraction of the solute. 

Raoult's Law states that the vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution.

Therefore, the relative lowering of vapor pressure, which is the difference between the vapor pressure of the pure solvent and the vapor pressure of the solution, is directly proportional to the mole fraction of the solute. 

Explanation

A heat engine operating in reverse is called a heat pump or a refrigerator.

Essentially, these devices move heat from a cooler area to a warmer area, requiring external work to do so, which is the opposite of how a heat engine functions. 

Explanation

Electric Flux Maximum (Φ = E·A·cosθ)  

   - When the area vector is perpendicular to the electric field, θ = 0°, so cosθ = 1.  

   - Therefore, Φ = EA (maximum possible flux). 

Explanation

In a metallic conductor, current flows due to the movement of free electrons in the conduction band.

These electrons drift under the influence of an electric field, creating electric current.

Explanation

The reverse process of the photoelectric effect is the production of X-rays when electrons are decelerated.

In the photoelectric effect, light (photons) interacts with a material, causing electrons to be emitted.

Explanation

Mass number (237) = Number of protons (92) + Number of neutrons

Number of neutrons = Mass number - Number of protons

= 237 - 92

= 145

Therefore, the isotope 92U^237 has 145 neutrons.