Explanation

Let’s assume two cases:

• If $f = 3$ (monatomic gas), then:

  γ=3+2​/3=5/3​

• If $f = 5$ (diatomic gas), then:

  γ=5+2​/5=7/5​

Since the question asks for γ when degrees of freedom are 3 and 5, and γ = Cp/Cv, then:

• For f = 3 → γ = 5/3

Explanation

A galvanometer is an instrument that can detect and measure small amounts of current in an electrical circuit

Explanation

Never connect ohm meter on live circuits to avoid electric shock or damage.

Explanation

If the force acting on a body is plotted along the y-axis and the displacement covered as a result is plotted along the x-axis, then the work done is given by the Area under the curve.

Explanation

When capacitors are connected in parallel, the total capacitance (Ct) increases, as the effective plate area and charge storage capacity increase.

The formula for total capacitance in parallel is: Ct = C1 + C2 + ... + Cn

In series connection, the total capacitance decreases, as the effective plate area and charge storage capacity decrease.

The formula for total capacitance in series is: 1/Ct = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + ... + 1/Cn

Explanation

The critical angle is the angle of incidence above which total internal reflection occurs.

It can be calculated using Snell's law:

n1 sin(θ1) = n2 sin(θ2)

where n1 = 1.33 (refractive index of water), θ1 = critical angle, n2 = 1 (refractive index of air), and θ2 = 90° (angle of refraction).

Rearranging the equation to solve for θ1, we get:

θ1 = arcsin(n2 / n1)

Substituting the values, we get:

θ1 = arcsin(1 / 1.33) ≈ 48.8°

So, the critical angle is approximately 48.8°.

Explanation

When white light passes through a prism, it is refracted, or bent, and split into its individual colors, a process known as dispersion.

The order of deviation is:

• Violet (most deviated)
• Blue
• Green
• Yellow
• Red (least deviated)

Explanation

In a reversible reaction, a catalyst reduces the time to reach equilibrium by increasing the rate of both forward and reverse reactions. 

Explanation

The law of conservation of energy is based on the principle of Bernoulli's theorem.

Bernoulli's theorem states that in a steady flow of an incompressible, frictionless fluid, the total mechanical energy (sum of potential energy, kinetic energy, and pressure energy) per unit mass of the fluid remains constant along a streamline.

This means that the total energy of the fluid is conserved as long as no external forces are acting on it, such as friction or heat transfer.

Explanation

To find the energy stored in a capacitor, we use the formula:

E=1/2​CV^2

Where:

• $\mathrm{<br>}$

• $V=100\text{V}$

Calculation:

$$E = frac{1}{2} times 4 times 10^{-6} times (100)^2$$E=1/2​×4×10^−6×10000
E=2×10^−6×10000

$$=0.02\text{J}$$