Explanation

The National Professional Standards for Teachers in Pakistan include the following 10 standards:

1. Subject Matter Knowledge
2. Human Growth and Development
3. Knowledge of Islamic Ethical Values/Social Life Skills
4. Instructional Planning and Strategies
5. Assessment
6. Learning Environment
7. Effective Use of Information, Communication Technology
8. Collaboration and Partnership
9. Continuous Professional Development and Code of Conduct
10. Teaching of English as Second/Foreign Language (ESL/EFL)

Explanation

The six steps in the project of teaching are:

1. Creating the situation
2. Selection of the project
3. Planning
4. Executing
5. Evaluation
6. Recording

Explanation

• If the results of the test and retest are the same, it indicates "Reliability."
• Reliability refers to the consistency or stability of a measure over time or across different conditions.

Explanation

• Survey studies, observational studies, and development studies typically fall under the category of "Descriptive Research."
• These types of research aim to describe characteristics, behaviors, or phenomena within a population without manipulating variables.

Explanation

Humility, patience, endurance, and feelings of thankfulness can be classified as characteristics of democratic administration.

Explanation

• The key for successful counseling is "establishing an effective relationship of counselor with the counselee."
• Building a strong and trusting relationship between the counselor and the individual seeking counseling is fundamental for the counseling process to be productive and beneficial.

Explanation

When the development of the same subjects is studied over a period of time, the study is called a "Longitudinal Study."

Explanation

• The fourth step in a self-modification program is to implement the program.
• This involves putting your designed plan into action to modify the target behavior.

Explanation

Breland and Breland described how animals' innate responses can distort conditioning processes, a phenomenon they called Instinctive Drift.

Explanation

The study of the endocrine system and its mechanisms would most likely be undertaken by a Physiological psychologist.

They focus on understanding the physiological basis of behavior, including the role of hormones and the endocrine system.