Explanation

The Basic Teaching Model (BTM) focuses on structured teaching with clear objectives, instructional processes, and evaluation.

It emphasizes a systematic approach to instruction, ensuring effective learning outcomes.

Explanation

Ontology deals with the nature of reality and existence in education.

Epistemology focuses on knowledge and how it is acquired.

Axiology examines values, including ethics and aesthetics, in education.

All three are fundamental to the philosophy of education.

Explanation

Discussion method allows students to openly share, compare, and evaluate ideas with peers.

It encourages active participation, critical thinking, and collaborative learning.

Explanation

Students are the primary focus and main beneficiaries of elementary education.

Schools aim to develop their basic skills, knowledge, and character at an early stage.

Explanation

In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, the formal operational stage (age ~12 and up) is when children begin to think abstractly, logically, and systematically.

It is the final stage in Piaget’s model.

Explanation

• Formative assessment is an ongoing, continuous process of evaluating student learning and understanding throughout a course or program.
• It is used to monitor student progress, identify areas of strength and weakness, and adjust instruction to meet student needs.
• Formative assessments are typically low-stakes, meaning they don't have a significant impact on a student's final grade, but they play a crucial role in shaping the learning process.

Explanation

Evaluation is a key component of curriculum as it assesses the effectiveness of teaching and learning.

It helps in determining whether educational goals and objectives are being met.

Explanation

A good classroom environment should encourage student curiosity and active learning, which aligns with interest and inquiry.

This approach fosters deeper understanding and engagement rather than just control or passive focus.

Explanation

Reliability means a tool consistently produces the same results over repeated trials.

It ensures the measurement is stable and dependable.

Explanation

While timeliness is important, it is not considered a core principle of evaluation in education.

Principles focus on evaluation being continuous, objective-based, comprehensive, and used judiciously.