Explanation

Changing student demographics (age, background, learning needs) require curriculum makers to frequently adapt content, teaching methods, and learning objectives.

This presents more challenges than economic or parental involvement factors.

Explanation

According to Aristotle, reasoning is the process that leads from potential to actual knowledge or sensation — it connects thought with reality.

He believed that through reasoning, the mind interprets sensory data and forms understanding, making it essential to actual experience.

Explanation

Curriculum relevance ensures that what students learn is meaningful and applicable to their current and future lives.

It helps make education practical, engaging, and connected to real-world experiences.

Explanation

Training focuses on teaching specific skills for immediate application.

It is practical and skill-oriented, unlike broader instructional systems or designs.

Explanation

The ability to communicate clearly is most effectively developed through collaborative work, as it provides:

• Real-time feedback (peers correct misunderstandings).
• Diverse perspectives (exposure to different communication styles).
• Practical negotiation (resolving conflicts verbally).

Explanation

Authoritative knowledge is often trusted (reliable) but may also be contingent on context.

It is usually passed down through generations and is a significant source in cultures and education.

Explanation

• A Cash Book is a financial journal that records all cash transactions, including income and expenses, on a daily basis.
• It is used to keep track of the flow of cash into and out of the school, and is a crucial tool for managing the school's finances.

Explanation

• The philosophical foundation of curriculum is concerned with ideas.
• It involves examining fundamental beliefs, values, and principles that shape educational goals, content, and practices.
• These philosophical ideas influence the conception of knowledge, the nature of learning, and the purpose of education within the curriculum.

Explanation

A child’s positive or negative attitude is largely shaped by their home, social, and emotional environment.

Family interactions, peer influence, and surroundings play a major role in attitude development.

Explanation

Slow stretching and holding method gradually lengthens muscles and improves flexibility without causing injury.

Holding the stretch for 15-30 seconds allows muscles to adapt and relax, increasing range of motion effectively.