Explanation

Europe has the lowest fertility rate of the continents.

Africa has the highest fertility rate of the continents.

Here is the fertility rate by continent, listed from lowest to highest:

• Europe: 1.6 children per woman
• Asia: 2.2 children per woman
• Latin America and the Caribbean: 2.2 children per woman
• Oceania: 2.4 children per woman
• Africa: 4.7 children per woman

Explanation

Mount Vesuvius is an active volcano located in Italy, near the city of Naples.

Last eruption: 17–23 March 1944

Additional information:

It is famous for its eruption in 79 AD,

which buried the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum under a thick blanket of volcanic ash and pumice.

Explanation

Maximilian Karl Emil Weber was a German sociologist.

who is regarded as among the most important theorists of the development of modern Western society.

His ideas profoundly influence social theory and research. 

Born: April 21, 1864, Germany

Died: June 14, 1920, Munich, Germany

Explanation

Paris is located in the north-central part of France along the Seine River.

Seine is about 777KM length

It is an important waterway in the Paris basin in the north of France.

Explanation

The treaty was signed on September 15, 2020

Explanation

The Commonwealth is an organization of former UK dependencies, now sovereign states.

It retain a nominal connection to the British Monarch as a symbolic head.

Explanation

Whitehaven Beach is located in Queensland, Australia.

It is famous for its white silica sand.

It is part of the Whitsunday Islands.

It offering stunning views and clear turquoise waters.

Explanation

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger.

Founded in: Quebec City, Canada

FAO stands for Food and Agriculture Organization

FAO was founded on 16 October 1945

FAO headquarters is located in Rome, Italy.

World Food Day is observed on 16 October. 

ND-7-5-2023

Explanation

On January 8, 2020, Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 was shot down minutes after taking off from Tehran, Iran, by an Iranian surface-to-air missile.

Fifty-five Canadian citizens and 30 permanent residents were among the 176 people killed in this national tragedy.

Explanation

The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) was formed by six countries: 

Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

The charter was signed on May 25, 1981.

The GCC is headquartered in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Explanation

• A badminton court for singles competition is 13.40 meters (44 feet) long and 5.18 meters (17 feet) wide.
• For doubles competition, the court is the same width but 1.98 meters (6.5 feet) longer, measuring 15.38 meters (50.5 feet) in length.

Explanation

The Berbers or Amazighs are indigenous to North Africa.

They primarily found in countries like Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and parts of Mali and Niger.

They have a rich history and culture dating back thousands of years.

Explanation

Lufthansa is the Biggest airline in Germany 

It is one of the five founding members of Star Alliance,

It was founded in  December 1997.

Former Deutsche Luft Hansa founded the Airline

Headquarters of Lufthansa Airline: Cologne, Germany

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ND03-12-2022

Explanation

Japan is also known the "The Land of Rising Sun"

Tokyo is the capital of while Yen is currency of Japan.

Explanation

There are 8,844 named islands according to estimates made by the government of Indonesia, with 922 of those permanent.

Indonesia comprises five main islands:

1. Sumatra,
2. Java,
3. Borneo (known as Kalimantan in Indonesia)
4. Sulawesi,
5. New Guinea; two major island groups (Nusa Tenggara and the Maluku Islands) and sixty smaller island groups.

Additional Information

Indonesia's Capital is Jakarta.

Indonesia Currency is Rupiah.

Indonesia's official language is Indonesian.

Indonesia located is in Continent Asia.

Indonesia Primary Religion is Islam.

Indonesia Head of Govt. is President – Joko Widodo.

Indonesia Parliament called People’s Consultative Assembly.

Tricks for Remember

RUPEE

Mind Tricks : PICS of MN

***PICS***

P - Pakistan

I - India

C - Ceylon

S - Srilanka

**MN**

M - Maritius

N - Nepal

Explanation

Palestinian National Authority is the Fatah-controlled government body that exercises partial civil control over West Bank areas.

Headquarters located in Ramallah (Palestine)

AGM 30.4.23

Explanation

Mikhail Gorbachev was the Russian President during the signing of the Geneva Accord in 1988.

The Geneva Accords were agreements that led to the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan.

It playing a crucial role in ending the Soviet-Afghan War.

The four 1949 Conventions have been ratified by 196 states

Additional Information

It is based on parts of the Hague Convention (II) of 1899 and Hague Convention (IV) of 1907

The First Geneva Convention was first adopted in 1864, revised in 1906,1929, and finally 1949)

The Second Geneva Convention (first adopted in 1949, the successor of the Hague Convention (X) 1907)

The Third Geneva Convention (first adopted in 1929, last revision in 1949)

The Fourth Geneva Convention was first adopted in 1949

Explanation

The Commonwealth is an association of countries across the world.

Commonwealth: political association of 56 member states

 It is home to 2.5 billion people

Founded: December 11, 1931

Headquarters: London, United Kingdom

Founders: British Empire, UK Parliament

ND28-4-2023

Explanation

Buckingham Palace is the official residence of the Queen of England in London, United Kingdom.

It serves as the administrative headquarters of the British monarchy.

Explanation

The Security Council consists of five permanent members (China, France, Russia, UK and USA) The Security Council consists of 10 non-permanent members elected by the General Assembly for a term of two years.

Explanation

Pakistan won the 1992 World Cup against England

Dates: Feb 22, 1992 – Mar 25, 1992

Champions: Pakistan (1st title)

Matches: 39

Most runs: Martin Crowe (456)

Most wickets: Wasim Akram (18)

Participants: 9

Location: Australia, New Zealand

Explanation

Nigeria is a west African country. 

Nigeria got Independence from the great Britain on October 1st, 1960.

More than 500 languages are spoken in Nigeria.

According to a report released in 2018, Nigeria is the third most affected country in the world after Iraq and Afghanistan.

Explanation

Samsung Group, or simply Samsung is a South Korean multinational manufacturing conglomerate headquartered in Samsung Digital City, Suwon, South Korea.

Explanation

South Asian region:

1. Bangladesh
2. Bhutan
3. India
4. Nepal
5. and Pakistan

***

Bhutan has the highest percentage of the population 

approximately 43 percent of the population in Bhutan lived in urban areas

Around 36 percent of the population in Pakistan lives in urban areas.

while

Nepal is one of the least urbanized countries

ND8-1-2023

Explanation

Michel Barnier is the current Prime Minister of France since September 2024

He replaced Gabriel Attal

Explanation

The Iranian Revolution also known as the 1979 Revolution was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and the replacement of his government with an Islamic republic under the Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, a leader of one of the factions in the revolt.

Explanation

• In American history, President Richard Nixon gave his resignation on August 8, 1974.
• This resignation came amidst the Watergate scandal, a political scandal involving the illegal activities of the Nixon administration.

Explanation

Vasco Da Gama was the first European to reach India by sea.

Vasco Da Gama was a famous Portuguese Explorer

Vasco Da Gama belonged to Portugal

Vasco da Gama was born in 1460 in the town of Sines

Explanation

• The Taurus Mountains are a significant mountain range located in southern Turkey.
• It stretching from the Mediterranean coast towards the central Anatolian plateau.
• They are known for their rugged terrain and beautiful landscapes.

Explanation

• The presidency of the United Nations Security Council rotates monthly among its 15 members, in alphabetical order.
• Each member serves as president for one month, with the rotation occurring on the first day of each month.
• This rotation has been in place since 1946, and allows each member to preside over the Council's meetings and guide its work during their presidency.

Explanation

As of April 23, 2024, the top five wheat-producing countries in the world are:

1. China: 136.5 million metric tons
2. European Union: 133.6 million metric tons
3. India: 110.5 million metric tons
4. Russia: 91 million metric tons
5. United States: The world's fourth-largest producer 

USA is the largest Wheat exporter in the world

Explanation

Netherlands is the new name of Holland

Explanation

• Sharmeen Obaid Chinoy won an Oscar Award for the second time for her documentary movie titled "A Girl in the River: The Price of Forgiveness".
• Her film "A Girl in the River: The Price of Forgiveness" won the Humanitarian Award at the RiverRun International Film Festival and the Bentonville Film Festival.

Explanation

The Maldives, officially the Republic of Maldives, is an archipelagic state in South Asia

The Maldives is situated in the Indian Ocean.

The Maldives's Capital: Malé

The Maldives' Area: is 297.8 km²

The Maldives's Continent: Asia

The Maldives's Currency: Maldivian Rufiyaa

The Maldives's Official languages: Dhivehi, English

Explanation

• Headquarters: Paris, France
• Purpose: To combat money laundering and terrorism financing
• Official Languages: English & French
• Full Member Countries: 37
• Full Member Organizations: 2
• Total Members: 39

Explanation

Bulgaria and Romania became Schengen members in March 31 2024, gaining access to open borders via sea and air routes.

This expansion aims to enhance regional integration and facilitate travel within the Schengen Area.

The Schengen Area encompasses 29 European countries that have abolished border controls at their mutual borders.

The 29 Schengen countries are: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Croatia, Bulgaria and Romania.

Explanation

The War in Darfur is also known as the Land Cruiser War.

It was began in February 2003 in the Darfur region of western Sudan.

The conflict centered on unresolved issues in the region.

Explanation

Wimbledon, tennis tournament, is held in London, England.

These four tournaments are called “Grand Slam” tournaments.

Wimbledon started: 1877

US Open started: 1881

French Open started: 1891

Australian Open started: 1905

Explanation

Gangkhar Puensum is located in Bhutan.

It is the highest unclimbed mountain in the world at 7,570 meters.

It is the 40th highest peak in the world.

It remains unclimbed due to local beliefs and Bhutanese climbing restrictions, despite most Himalayan peaks being scaled.

Explanation

The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2023 was awarded to Norwegian author Jon Fosse “for his innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable.”

Jon Fosse is from Norway.

Explanation

• Elisa de Anda Madrazo  is the current president of FATF
• She belongs to Mexico.
• She replaced: T Raja Kumar of Singapore
• Tenure: 1 July 2024 to 30 June 2026
• 

Explanation

Know about NATO

NATO full form: North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Founded: 4 April 1949 (Washington, USA)

Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium

Total members: 32 (30 European & 2 North American countries)

Latest Member: Sweden

Type: Military Alliance

Official Languages: English & French

Founding members: 12

Pakistan: Not a NATO member

Member Muslim country: Turkiye  

On 4 April 2023, Finland became 31st member on 74th anniversary of NATO. 

List of NATO member countries

1.       Albania

2.       Belgium

3.       Bulgaria

4.       Canada

5.       Croatia

6.       Czechia

7.       Denmark

8.       Estonia

9.       France

10.   Germany

11.   Greece

12.   Hungary

13.   Iceland

14.   Italy

15.   Latvia

16.   Lithuania

17.   Luxembourg

18.   Montenegro

19.   Netherlands

20.   North Macedonia

21.   Norway

22.   Poland

23.   Portugal

24.   Romania

25.   Slovakia

26.   Slovenia

27.   Spain

28.   Turkiye

29.   United Kingdom

30.   United States

31.   Finland

32. Sweden

Explanation

The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

Capital: Prague

Prime minister: Petr Fiala

Explanation

The 2026 FIFA World Cup will be the 23rd FIFA World Cup.

The tournament will be jointly hosted by 16 cities in three North American countries: Canada, Mexico, and the United States.

Explanation

Please remember the following information about the number of moons in the planets:

Saturn: 145

Saturn has 145 moons recognized by the International Astronomical Union. 

Uranus: 27

Neptune: 14

Mars: 2

Earth: 1

Venus: 0

Mercury: 0

Explanation

In a first, Sam Curran became the first specialist bowler in the history of T20 World Cups to be awarded the Player of the Tournament in 2022.

Sam Curran belongs to England.

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Explanation

The 2022 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 8, 2022.

The Republican Party won a majority of seats and will be the majority party in the House in the 118th U.S. Congress.

The elections were held to elect representatives from all 435 U.S. congressional districts across each of the 50 states.

Explanation

China is the world's largest producer of rice, making up 30% of global rice production

while

India is the second largest producer of Rice in the world. 

ND27-7-2023

Explanation

Monkeypox virus, a zoonotic orthodox DNA virus related to the virus that causes smallpox,

was first described in humans in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Mpox can spread from person to person or occasionally from animal to people

****

Health officials have confirmed the first case of monkeypox (mpox) in Islamabad, Pakistan, as of April 21. 

ND17-7-2023

Explanation

 Global Day of Parents is observed on first June every year.

Theme 2022: Appreciate all parents throughout the world