Explanation

Cancer is caused by changes to DNA.

Most cancer-causing DNA changes occur in sections of DNA called genes.

These changes are also called genetic changes.

A DNA change can cause genes involved in normal cell growth to become oncogenes.

Explanation

Tyloses are outgrowths from xylem parenchyma cells

They grow into the lumen of tracheary cells through pits, balloon out, and occlude the cell interior.

Tyloses are typically associated with the process of defense against pathogens

They are commonly found in the xylem of certain trees and plants.

Explanation

The human cell contains 46 chromosomes.

These are organized into 23 pairs, where each parent contributes one chromosome to each pair, resulting in a total of 46 chromosomes in most human cells.

This number includes 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes, determining an individual's sex (XX for females and XY for males).

Explanation

The primary type of lipid present in the plasma membrane is phospholipids.

They form the fundamental structure of the membrane, creating a bilayer that is essential for membrane function and fluidity.

Explanation

Catecholamines are amino acid-derived hormones.

They are synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine and include:

• dopamine
• norepinephrine
• epinephrine hormones.

Explanation

Nutrients, particularly glycogen (a form of glucose), are primarily stored in the liver.

It releases glucose into the bloodstream when needed to maintain blood sugar levels and provide energy for the body.

The liver's role is crucial in managing nutrient availability and maintaining metabolic balance.

Explanation

Suspended particulate matter (SPM) SPM

It is one of the essential particulate contaminants that transport heavy metals in the river system.

Additionally, it is one of the phases of heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems

Explanation

The law of independent assortment states that genes for different traits are distributed to gametes independently of one another, leading to a variety of genetic combinations in the offspring.

Explanation

Sea cucumbers belong to the class Holothuroidea within the phylum Echinodermata.

Unlike some other echinoderms like starfish (class Asteroidea), sea cucumbers do not have arms that are sharply set off from a central disc

Explanation

The class Solenogastres (also known as Solengasters) lacks a shell and possesses sclerites, which are small, hard, plate-like structures embedded in the skin.

These organisms are part of the phylum Mollusca, specifically in the class Solenogastres.