Explanation

Auxin is an unusual plant hormone and the only one to exist as a hydrocarbon gas.

It plays a key role in regulating plant growth and development.

Explanation

Spondylosis affects the vertebral joints.

Spondylosis is a term used to describe degenerative changes in the spine

Particularly in the vertebral joints and intervertebral discs.

It involves the breakdown of the cartilage and the formation of bone spurs in the spine

Which can lead to pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility. 

Explanation

In human genetics, the sex chromosomes are X and Y.

Females have two X chromosomes (XX), while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY).

When a father passes on his chromosomes to his offspring, he can only contribute either an X or a Y chromosome.

If he passes on his Y chromosome, the child will be a boy (XY).

If he passes on his X chromosome, the child will be a girl (XX).

Therefore, the father can only transfer his Y chromosome to his son.

Explanation

Colocasia esculenta is taxonomically included in the family Araceae.

It is commonly known as taro, an important root vegetable.

Explanation

Quadrangular stems and opposite decussate leaves are important vegetative characters of the family Labiatae (now known as Lamiaceae).

This family includes aromatic herbs like mint and basil.

Explanation

According to scholars, plant physiology is the applied field of plant anatomy and plant morphology.

It focuses on how plant structures and forms function and adapt to their environment.

Explanation

Seed germination inside the fruit while still attached to the plant is called vivipary.

This process allows seeds to begin growing before detaching from the parent plant.

Explanation

Kew's Herbarium is one of the largest in the world with over seven million specimens of vascular and non-vascular plants.

It holds a vast collection used for research and conservation.

Explanation

Carotenoids serve multiple functions in plants:

Broaden Spectrum of Light:

• Carotenoids can absorb light energy in the blue and green regions of the spectrum,
• thereby expanding the range of light wavelengths that can be used for photosynthesis.

Provide Yellow Color to the Plants:

• Carotenoids are responsible for the yellow, orange, and red colors observed in many fruits, flowers, and vegetables.

Protect Chlorophyll by Absorbing Excessive Light:

• Carotenoids act as photoprotective agents by dissipating excess energy that chlorophyll molecules cannot handle,
• thus protecting the photosynthetic machinery from damage caused by excessive light exposure.

Explanation

• The skeleton is the framework of the body.
• It is composed of 206 bones that provide support, protection, and movement.
• It is the structural system that gives the body its shape and allows for various physical activities.