پودوں کا استعمال سستے اوسموٹیکم کے طور پر کون سا مادہ ہے؟
A. None of these
B. Ascorbic acid
C. Minerals
D. Proline
Explanation
Proline acts as a cheap osmoticum . It helping plants maintain water balance under drought, salinity, and other stress conditions. It stabilizes proteins, protects membranes, and scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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تناؤ کے خلاف پلانٹ کا پہلا ردعمل کون سا ہے؟
A. Necrosis
B. None of these
C. Stomatal closure
D. Chlorosis
Explanation
Stomatal closure is the first response in plants to stress , such as drought or high temperatures , to minimize water loss . It helps reduce transpiration and maintain water balance under unfavorable conditions.
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A. Estrogen and progesterone
B. Insulin and glucagon
C. Epinephrine and norepinephrine
D. Thyroxine and melatonin
Explanation
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are secreted by the adrenal medulla and play a role in the fight-or-flight response,
Whereas the hypothalamus secretes dopamine and inhibits the release of certain anterior pituitary hormones.
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A. Relaxation periode
B. Systolic Time
C. Heart Rate
D. Diastolic Time
Explanation
Adrenaline (also known as epinephrine) increases the following effects on the heart:
Heart Rate:
Adrenaline increases the heart rate (positive chronotropic effect).
Contractility:
It increases the force of heart muscle contractions (positive inotropic effect).
Conduction Velocity:
It enhances the speed of electrical conduction through the heart (positive dromotropic effect).
Cardiac Output:
Due to the increased heart rate and contractility, adrenaline boosts the overall cardiac output.
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وہ اصول جو یہ بتاتا ہے کہ اگر کسی نظام پر توازن میں تناؤ کا اطلاق ہوتا ہے تو نظام جہاں تک ممکن ہو تناؤ کے اثر کو ختم کر دیتا ہے؟
A. Charles
B. Haber's
C. Le-Chatelier
D. Boyle's
Explanation
The principle that states that if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the system will nullify the effect of the stress as far as possible is known as Le Chatelier's principle.
This principle helps predict how a change in conditions (like concentration, temperature, or pressure ) will affect the position of equilibrium in a chemical reaction.
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غصے کے ہارمونز _________ ہیں؟
A. None of these
B. Adrenaline and Noradrenaline
C. Adrenaline and Thyroxine
D. Noradrenaline and Calcitonin
Explanation
Adrenaline and noradrenaline are stress hormones released during anger or fight-or-flight responses. They increase heart rate, blood pressure, and energy levels to prepare the body for action.
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A. Testosterone
B. Parathormone
C. Adrenaline
D. Insulin
Explanation
Adrenaline
ایک ہارمون جو ایڈرینل غدود سے خارج ہوتا ہے جو خون کی گردش، سانس اور کاربوہائیڈریٹ میٹابولزم کو بڑھاتا ہے
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