Meiosis | MCQs

Explanation

• Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in spore-producing organisms, such as plants and fungi, to produce spores.
• In meiosis, a diploid spore mother cell (sporocyte) undergoes two successive cell divisions (meiosis I and meiosis II) to produce four haploid spores.

Explanation

Meiosis in animals produces gametes, which are the reproductive cells (sperm and egg cells) that are necessary for sexual reproduction.

Meiosis is the process by which a diploid (having two sets of chromosomes) cell divides to produce four haploid (having one set of chromosomes) cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Explanation

• Non-disjunction is the phenomenon where a pair of homologous chromosomes (or a pair of sister chromatids) fails to separate properly during meiosis.
• Resulting in an abnormal number of chromosomes in the daughter cells.
• This can lead to genetic abnormalities, such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21), or other chromosomal disorders.

Explanation

• In Anaphase-II of meiosis, the centromeres shorten and the paired chromatids (sister chromatids) are pulled away from one another, moving to opposite poles of the cell.
• This is the stage where the genetic material is finally separated, and each pole receives a complete set of chromosomes.

Explanation

• Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in germ cells (reproductive cells) to produce gametes (sperm or egg cells).
• It does not produce new somatic cells (non-reproductive cells).

Explanation

Mitosis is a type of cell division that involves the replication of a cell's DNA and the division of the cell into two daughter cells. It is essential for:

• Growth: Mitosis allows an organism to grow and develop by increasing the number of cells.
• Repair: Mitosis helps replace damaged or dead cells with new ones.
• Asexual reproduction: Mitosis enables asexual reproduction, where an organism produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.

Explanation

• Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces four non-identical daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
• This process is essential for sexual reproduction, as it allows for the mixing of genetic material from two parents and the creation of genetically diverse offspring.

Explanation

• Meiosis is the process by which sex cells (sperm and egg cells) are divided and gametes are formed during reproduction in humans.
• Meiosis involves two successive cell divisions (meiosis I and meiosis II) that result in four non-identical daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Explanation

• Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg cells) from two parents of different sexes.
• It resulting in offspring with a unique combination of genetic traits.