Kidney | MCQs

Explanation

• The kidney is responsible for filtering blood.
• Two kidneys that filter your blood, removing wastes and extra water to make urine.
  
• This urine is then passed through the ureters and stored in the urinary bladder.
• The urine is then expelled from the body through the urethra.
  

Explanation

The kidneys are part of the urinary tract that makes urine (pee).

Urine has salts, toxins, and water that need to be filtered out of the blood.

After the kidneys make urine, it leaves the body using the rest of the urinary tract as a pathway.

Explanation

Calcium oxalate is the most common compound found in kidney stones.

It forms when excess calcium and oxalate in the urine combine, creating hard crystals that can grow into stones.

Explanation

Explanation

• The renal artery is a blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the kidneys.
• It supplying them with the necessary blood flow to filter waste and excess substances from the body.

Explanation

1. Filter blood: Kidneys filter waste products and excess fluid from the blood. 
2. Excrete waste: Kidneys excrete waste products, like urea and uric acid, into the urine. 

Explanation

Calcium oxalate accounts for ~70% of kidney stones, forming crystals when urine is concentrated.

It results from high oxalate intake (e.g., spinach, nuts) or metabolic imbalances.

Explanation

Lithotripsy is a non-invasive method that uses shock waves to break medium-sized kidney stones.

The stone fragments then pass out naturally through urine.

Explanation

The word "renal" specifically relates to the kidneys and their functions.

Terms like renal failure or renal artery all refer to kidney-related conditions or structures.

Explanation

Bowman’s capsule is the part of the nephron where filtration of waste materials and excess water from the blood occurs.

The filtered fluid, called glomerular filtrate, then moves into the renal tubule for further processing.