ECO | MCQs

Explanation

• A food web is a network of multiple food chains that overlap and connect.
• It showing the complex feeding relationships between different species in an ecosystem.
• It's a web-like structure that illustrates the various pathways that energy and nutrients flow through the ecosystem.

Explanation

The food chain is the sequence of energy transfer from:

• Producers (plants, algae, phytoplankton) →
• Consumers (herbivores, carnivores, omnivores) →
• Decomposers (fungi, bacteria, insects)

This energy transfer is also known as the energy flow or trophic cascade.

Explanation

• Tapeworms are a type of parasite that live inside the digestive system of their host organism (such as humans or animals) and feed on the nutrients absorbed by the host.
• They do not contribute to the host's survival or well-being, and can in fact harm the host by competing for nutrients and causing disease.

Explanation

• Ecology is the scientific study of the relationships between living organisms (biotic factors) and their environment (abiotic factors).
• Including other organisms and their physical surroundings.

Explanation

• Mould is a type of fungus that is a decomposer.
• It breaks down dead organic matter.
• Such as plant material, into simpler compounds, releasing nutrients back into the environment.

Explanation

Decomposers play a crucial role in breaking down dead animals, plants, and organic matter, releasing nutrients back into the environment. This process is essential for:

• Recycling nutrients
• Improving soil fertility
• Supporting plant growth and development
• Maintaining ecosystem balance

Explanation

• If the number of frogs increases, it is likely that the number of snakes would decrease.
• This is because snakes are predators that feed on frogs, and an increase in frog population would lead to a decrease in snake population due to competition for resources and potential overgrazing.

Explanation

In the absence of sunlight, the entire food chain would become inactive and collapse because:

• Plants and algae, the primary producers, cannot undergo photosynthesis and produce energy.
• Herbivores cannot feed on plants, and carnivores cannot feed on herbivores.
• The energy flow from producers to consumers would be disrupted, leading to a collapse of the food chain.

Explanation

• A food chain is a series of organisms that eat and are eaten by each other, showing the flow of energy and nutrients from one organism to another.
• It represents the relationship of eating and being eaten among organisms in an ecosystem.

Explanation

• Animals, plants, human beings, and microorganisms are all examples of living components and biotic factors.
• Living components refer to the living organisms that make up an ecosystem or environment.
• Biotic factors refer to the living components of an ecosystem that interact with each other and their environment.