Explanation

The Born-Haber cycle is a thermodynamic cycle used to calculate the lattice energy of ionic compounds.

It uses known values like ionization energy, electron affinity, and enthalpies to find the unknown lattice energy.

Explanation

Hadrons are particles that participate in strong nuclear force and include protons, neutrons, and heavier particles.

They are generally equal to or heavier than protons in mass.

Explanation

Given:

|a · b| = 6√3

|a × b| = 6

The dot product is given by:

a · b = |a| |b| cos(θ)

The cross product is given by:

|a × b| = |a| |b| sin(θ)

The ratio of the magnitudes of the cross and dot products is:

|a × b| / |a · b| = tan(θ)

6 / 6√3 = 1/√3 = tan(θ)

θ = arctan(1/√3) = 30°

Explanation

A proton is made of two up quarks and one down quark (uud).

This combination gives the proton its positive charge (+1).

Explanation

Dauntless means بہادری اور عزم

Fearless means خوف کے بغیر

Explanation

Deprive means کسی سے کچھ لینے یا روکنے کے لئے

Deny means دینے یا اجازت دینے سے انکار کرنا

Explanation

Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins by hydrolyzing peptide bonds.

Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis reactions belong to the class of Hydrolases.

Explanation

Eddy currents are circular currents induced in conductors when exposed to a changing magnetic field.

They flow in loops perpendicular to the magnetic flux that induces them.

Explanation

Magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) are essential for the association of the small and large subunits of ribosomes.

Without adequate Mg²⁺ concentration, the ribosomal subunits remain dissociated, hindering protein synthesis.

Explanation

The reaction NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O is a neutralization reaction between a strong base and a strong acid.

The enthalpy change in such reactions is called the heat of neutralization.