Explanation

Charles Elton defined a species' niche as its occupation — the role it plays in its environment.

It includes how the species obtains food, interacts with other organisms, and its place in the ecosystem structure.

Explanation

 Lattice energy increases with:  

- Higher charge of ions  

- Smaller size of ions  

Among the given, Na⁺ is common. F⁻ is the smallest anion, so NaF has the strongest electrostatic attraction → highest lattice energy.

Explanation

Two light waves that are not coherent cannot produce interference.

Interference requires that the light waves maintain a constant phase relationship, which is a characteristic of coherent sources.

Non-coherent sources have fluctuating phase differences, leading to the wash-out of interference patterns.

Explanation

This formula comes from the Rayleigh criterion for the minimum resolvable angle (θₘᵢₙ) in optical systems like lenses or telescopes:

$$theta_{min} = frac{1.22 , lambda}{D}$$

Where:

• $lambda$ = wavelength of light

• $D$= diameter of the lens aperture

This equation gives the angular resolution or resolving power of the lens.

Explanation

A colour printer uses 4 colours:

1. Cyan,
2. Magenta,
3. Yellow,
4. Black (CMYK).

These four inks mix to produce a full spectrum of printed colours.

Explanation

 Care kills the lamb. 

دیکھ بھال بھیڑ کے بچے کو مار دیتی ہے۔

This old proverb means: Too much worry or anxiety can harm the innocent or gentle.

"Care" here means worry or anxiety (not carefulness).

"Lamb" symbolizes someone gentle, innocent, or weak.

Explanation

A relation from A to B is defined as a subset of A × B (the Cartesian product).

So, any subset of A × B is called a relation from A to B.

Explanation

During prophase, the cytoplasm becomes more viscous to help stabilize the cell as chromosomes condense and the spindle apparatus begins to form.

This change supports the reorganization of cellular components needed for mitosis.

Explanation

Capacitance depends on area of plates, distance between them, and the dielectric (medium) used.

It does not directly depend on the electric field, which is a result of the charge and voltage, not a factor in determining capacitance.

Explanation

The process of detecting a change and signaling the effector's response in a control system is called a feedback mechanism.

This mechanism involves a receptor detecting a change, a control center (integrator) processing the information, and an effector carrying out the necessary response to maintain or restore a desired state.