Explanation

Albinism is a recessive genetic trait, so both parents must be carriers (Aa).

The Punnett square for Aa × Aa gives a 25% chance (aa) of having an albino child.

Explanation

Blood types are non-numeric categories (A, B, AB, O), with no inherent order, so they are nominal.

Since each individual has only one blood type, the data is counted and presented in a discrete frequency distribution.

Explanation

A primary key must be unique for each record and never change.

Zip code is not unique (many people can share the same zip code), so it's not suitable as a primary key.

Explanation

In a spinning dryer, the clothes are forced to move in a circle by the centripetal force provided by the drum.

However, the water in the clothes lacks this centripetal force (no direct contact with the drum),

So it moves in a straight line (due to inertia) and is flung outward through the holes in the drum.

Explanation

Mycorrhizae are a mutualistic association between fungi and the roots of vascular plants.

The fungi help in nutrient and water absorption, while the plant provides carbohydrates to the fungi.

Explanation

When an electron from a higher shell fills a vacancy in an inner shell, it emits a photon with a specific energy.

These are called characteristic X-rays because their energy depends on the atomic structure of the element.

Explanation

Ionic character is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the atoms in a bond.

A larger electronegativity difference indicates a greater degree of ionic character.

CsF has the largest electronegativity difference due to the extremely high electronegativity of fluorine and the very low electronegativity of cesium. 

Explanation

When two identical waves move in opposite directions, they give rise to stationary waves. 

Beats:

Beats occur when two waves with slightly different frequencies interfere, producing a fluctuating amplitude that can be heard as a pulsating sound. 

Constructive interference:

This happens when two waves with the same phase overlap, leading to an increased amplitude. 

Destructive interference:

This happens when two waves with opposite phases overlap, leading to a decreased or zero amplitude. 

Explanation

Molar mass of nitrogen (N): 14.01 g/mol 

Molar mass of hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol (3 H atoms in NH3) 

Molar mass of ammonia (NH3): 14.01 + (3 * 1.01) = 17.04 g/mol 

Percentage of nitrogen in NH3 = (14.01 / 17.04) * 100 = 82.23% 

This is very close to the provided option of 82.35%, which can be expressed as 14/17 * 100. 

Explanation

Farad (F) is the unit of capacitance.

It is equal to Coulomb/Volt.

From Ohm’s Law and unit analysis: Second/Ohm = s/Ω = Farad (F)