Explanation

Functional residual capacity (FRC), is the volume remaining in the lungs after a normal, passive exhalation.

It is the combination of residual volume (RV) and the expiratory reserve volume

In a normal individual, this is about 3L.

The FRC also represents the point of the breathing cycle

where the lung tissue elastic recoil and chest wall outward expansion are balanced and equal.

Explanation

A drug reaction can present with generalized pain, body aches, and skin rashes

Especially if the patient has recently started a new medication or has a history of drug allergies.

Explanation

The oxytocin reflex is also sometimes called the “letdown reflex” or the “milk ejection reflex”.

It is produced more quickly than prolactin.

It makes the milk that is already in the breast flow for the current feed, and helps the baby to get the milk easily.

Explanation

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) can cause liver failure

It happens when too much fat builds up in your liver when you're pregnant.

It's a medical emergency and involves delivering the fetus as soon as possible.

It is a serious condition that typically occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy

Explanation

regarding normal ketone body levels in humans is 1.5 - 2 mg/dl

This range is typically considered the normal level of ketone bodies in the blood

Explanation

Reed–Sternberg cells are distinctive, giant cells found with light microscopy in biopsies from individuals with Hodgkin lymphoma

Explanation

 The accurate statement regarding the management of acute infectious diarrhea is that metronidazole is the drug of choice in Clostridium difficile infection.

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a common cause of:

• antibiotic-associated diarrhea
• metronidazole

It is often used as the first-line treatment for mild to moderate cases.

Explanation

The side effect of acute hypoxia or its compensatory changes is Hypercapnic cerebral vasoconstriction

Acute hypoxia can lead to hypercapnia (elevated carbon dioxide levels) due to hypoventilation.

Hypercapnia can cause cerebral vasodilation initially

But over time, it triggers compensatory cerebral vasoconstriction to maintain cerebral blood flow.

Explanation

The familial cancer syndrome that exhibits autosomal recessive inheritance among the options listed is "Fanconi's anemia."

It is a rare genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure and physical abnormalities.

It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means an individual must inherit two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) to develop the disorder.

The other syndromes listed—ataxia telangiectasia, Bloom's syndrome, Wilson's tumor, and xeroderma pigmentosa

typically exhibit autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant inheritance patterns

Explanation

The junction of the cornea and sclera is known as the "limbus."

This region marks the transition between the transparent cornea at the front of the eye and the opaque sclera that forms the white outer layer of the eyeball.

It is an important anatomical landmark

They play a role in various eye functions, including:

• the attachment of the iris 
• the drainage of aqueous humor from the eye.