Explanation

 In an ecosystem, a rabbit is classified as a primary consumer because it is ae

Explanation

 According to the IUCN Red List categories, Least Concern (LC) indicates a species is at the lowest risk of extinction, meaning it's widespread and abundant. 

Explanation

 The first true mammals evolved during the Triassic Period (around 225 million years ago), emerging from therapsid reptiles.

Explanation

Apiculture is the practice of rearing and maintaining honeybees for the production of honey, beeswax, and other bee-related products. It involves beekeeping and managing bee colonies for commercial and agricultural purposes.

• The other options refer to different types of cultivation:

• Mori culture (A) – Cultivation of mulberry plants for silkworms.

• Sericulture (B) – Rearing of silkworms for silk production.

• Silviculture (D) – Cultivation of forests and trees

Explanation

Ecotones:

Ecotones are transitional areas between different ecosystems or biomes, where there's a change in species composition and abundance. 

Beta Diversity:

Beta diversity measures the difference in species composition between different habitats or communities, which is precisely what happens at an ecotone. 

Alpha Diversity:

Alpha diversity refers to the diversity within a single habitat or community. 

Gamma Diversity:

Gamma diversity refers to the total diversity across a region or landscape. 

Explanation

The Demoiselle crane is a migratory bird that visits Pakistan

Demoiselle Crane ( Anthropoides virgo):

This species breeds in central Eurasia, ranging from the Black Sea to Mongolia and northeast China. 

Migration:

Demoiselle cranes are migratory birds, and those from Asia, Mongolia, and China spend the winter in the Indian subcontinent, including Pakistan. 

Explanation

 Zoological/botanical garden is not included under in situ conservation.

Explanation

The unit of rock that represents all rocks formed during the same geological time scale is a Series. 

Geochronologic Units:

The units of time in the geological time scale are called geochronologic units (e.g., eon, era, period, epoch)

Explanation

 Ineffective in Large Areas – Difficult to cover extensive regions accurately.

Explanation

 The heartbeat is normally initiated by the sinoatrial (SA) node, a group of specialized cells in the right atrium, acting as the heart's natural pacemaker.