Explanation

Galileo Galilei was a renowned astronomer, often called the "father of modern observational astronomy."

He made key improvements to the telescope and supported the heliocentric theory.

Explanation

The efficiency of a Carnot engine is defined as the ratio of the heat absorbed from the hot reservoir (heat accepted) to the heat rejected to the cold reservoir (heat rejected).

This efficiency is directly related to the temperature difference between the two reservoirs. 

Explanation

Stress is defined as force per unit area:

Stress=Force/ Area ​

• The dimensions of force = MLT²

• The dimensions of area = L²

So:

Dimensions of Stress=MLT⁻²/ L⁻²−2​=ML⁻¹T⁻²

Explanation

1 British Thermal Unit (BTU) is approximately equal to 1,055 Joules.

BTU is a unit of energy often used to measure heat output, especially in heating and cooling systems.

Explanation

Protium (1H) is the lightest isotope of hydrogen, and it has no neutrons.

Its atomic nucleus consists of only one proton.

• Protons: 1
• Neutrons: 0
• Electrons: 1

Explanation

A turn ratio of 10 means that the secondary coil (Ns) has 10 times more turns than the primary coil (Np).

This is a step-up transformer, which increases the voltage and decreases the current.

Explanation

• Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive points on a wave that are in phase.
• It is typically denoted by the symbol λ (lambda).

Key Points:

• Time period (T) is the time taken by the wave to complete one oscillation.
• Frequency (f) is the number of oscillations per unit time.
• Amplitude (A) is the maximum displacement of the wave from its equilibrium position.

Explanation

The numerical value of G (the gravitational constant) remains constant everywhere in the universe, regardless of the location, time, or conditions.

G is a fundamental constant of nature that describes the strength of gravitational attraction between objects.

Explanation

According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the force of gravity (F) is proportional to:

• The product of the two masses (m1 and m2): F ∝ m1 m2
• The inverse square of the distance (r) between the centers of the two objects: F ∝ 1/r^2

Explanation

The International System of Units (SI) is a modern metric system that defines the units of measurement for base quantities.

Such as length, mass, time, current, temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity.

The SI system was established in 1960 and is widely used across the world as a standardized system of measurement.