Explanation

To treat a snake bite, keep the person calm and seek medical help immediately.

Avoid using ice, sucking out venom, or applying a tourniquet, as these can worsen the situation.

Explanation

Encourage them to drink plenty of water and move them to a cool, shaded area to help lower their body temperature.

Remove excess clothing and apply cool packs or wet cloths to their forehead, neck, and wrists to help cool them down.

Explanation

If the object is under the surface of the skin, sterilize a clean, sharp needle by wiping it with rubbing alcohol.

Use the needle to gently break the skin over the object and lift up the tip of the object.

Use a tweezers to grab the end of the object and remove it.

Explanation

The best way to stop severe bleeding from a limb is to apply pressure to the wound.

This helps to stem the flow of blood until medical help arrives.

Explanation

Apply direct pressure to the wound to stop the bleeding, and elevate the wounded area above heart level if possible.

This helps reduce blood flow to the area and promote clotting.

Explanation

According to the American Red Cross and American Heart Association guidelines, if an adult is choking, you should give up to 5 quick blows between the shoulder blades with the heel of your hand.

If the object is not dislodged, then you should move on to abdominal thrusts (also known as the Heimlich maneuver).

Explanation

Administer an epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) if available, and call 911 or your local emergency number immediately.

If the person is unconscious, not breathing, or not responsive, begin CPR if you are trained to do so.

Explanation

Put pressure on the wound with whatever is available to stop or slow down the flow of blood.

You are acting as a “plug” to stop the blood escaping.

The pressure you apply will help the blood clot and stop the bleeding.

Explanation

SOAP is a framework used in first aid documentation to structure patient assessments, standing for:

Subjective (patient's complaints), Objective (observable signs), Assessment (evaluation of the situation), and Plan (actions to be taken).

Explanation

If someone has a head injury and shows any of these symptoms, call 999:

• Vomiting
• Sleepiness
• Confusion
• Other severe signs