Explanation

Diffusion is the process where particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

Ink spreads evenly in water due to molecular motion, resulting in uniform distribution.

Explanation

Optimum Temperature is the specific temperature at which an enzyme exhibits peak catalytic activity.

Deviations (higher/lower) reduce efficiency, as enzymes are temperature-sensitive proteins.

Explanation

Freons (CFCs) and halons are stable in the troposphere but break down under UV light in the stratosphere.

This breakdown releases chlorine and bromine, which destroy ozone molecules in the ozone layer.

Explanation

The relation between alpha (α) and beta (β) is given by:

β = α / (1 - α)

Given α = 1/2:

β = (1/2) / (1 - 1/2)

= (1/2) / (1/2)

= 1

Explanation

The relation between the coefficient of volume expansion (γ) and the coefficient of linear expansion (α) is: γ = 3α

This relation holds true for isotropic solids.

The coefficient of volume expansion is approximately three times the coefficient of linear expansion.

Explanation

Flat bones (e.g., skull, ribs, sternum) are thin and flattened.

They providing protection (e.g., for organs) and broad surfaces for muscle attachment.

Explanation

The principal axis is a straight line passing through the center of curvature and the pole of a spherical mirror.

It serves as the reference line for measuring distances and analyzing image formation in mirrors.

Explanation

• The speed of sound in air at 0°C (32°F) is 332 meters per second.

The speed of sound in different materials:

• Air: 332 m/s
• Sea water: 1530 m/s
• Lead: 2160 m/s
• Gold: 3240 m/s
• Brick: 3650 m/s
• Copper: 4760 m/s
• Glass: 5100 m/s
• Aluminium: 6420 m/s

Explanation

A covalent bond forms when two non-metals share electrons.

This type of bond results in the formation of molecules like H₂O and CO₂.

Explanation

Given reaction:

NO(g) + CO₂(g) ⇌ NO₂(g) + CO(g)

Initial moles:

NO = 4 mol

CO₂ = 0.9 mol

NO₂ = 0

CO = 0

At equilibrium:

CO₂ = 0.1 mol

→ So, change in CO₂ = 0.9 - 0.1 = 0.8 mol consumed

→ Therefore, 0.8 mol of NO also reacted

→ 0.8 mol each of NO₂ and CO formed

Equilibrium moles:

NO = 4 - 0.8 = 3.2 mol

CO₂ = 0.1 mol

NO₂ = 0.8 mol

CO = 0.8 mol

Equilibrium expression:

K = [NO2][CO]/[NO][CO2] = (0.8)(0.8)/(3.2)(0.1) = 0.64/0.32 = 0.2