Explanation

Attrition is the process where rocks and pebbles grind against each other, causing them to wear down.

It occurs mainly in rivers or along the coast due to movement and collision.

Explanation

• Athlete's foot is a common fungal infection caused by fungi such as Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, and Microsporum.
• Rashes can be caused by various factors, including fungal infections. For example, ringworm (a fungal infection) can cause a rash.

Explanation

• The endosperm is the main storage tissue in maize seeds.
• It containing nutrients like starch, proteins, and oils.
• It support the growth of the embryo during germination.

Explanation

Gold can be beaten into extremely thin sheets (just a few atoms thick), ideal for alpha particle passage.

This thinness allowed alpha particles to pass through with minimal obstruction, helping observe atomic structure.

Explanation

Complete combustion of hydrocarbons (like methane, propane, etc.) in the presence of oxygen produces:

• Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
• Water (H₂O)

Therefore, the combustion products of hydrocarbons are carbon dioxide and water.

Explanation

Tar is the major component of particulate matter inhaled in cigarette smoke.

It contains several carcinogens.

It is responsible for lung damage.

Explanation

The change in wavelength (Δλ) is given by the formula: Δλ = h/m0c (1 - cosθ), where θ is the scattering angle.

The maximum change in wavelength occurs when cosθ is -1, which happens when θ = 180°.

Explanation

Centripetal force is any force that keeps an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center of the circle.

Tension in a string, gravitational force (like planets orbiting), and friction (like a car turning) can all provide centripetal force.

Explanation

For a polyatomic gas, Cv is typically 3R, accounting for translational and rotational degrees of freedom.

This value can increase with temperature as vibrational modes become excited, contributing to the specific heat.

Explanation

Let's denote the mass and radius of both objects as M and R, respectively.

For a thin-walled cylinder about its central axis, I_cylinder = MR².

For a solid sphere about its diameter, I_sphere = (2/5)MR².

The ratio is I_cylinder / I_sphere = MR² / ((2/5)MR²) = 5/2.