Explanation

• Dilution refers to the process of decreasing the concentration of a solution by adding more solvent.
• While ionisation involves the formation of ions from molecules in a solution.

Explanation

• Air is essentially transparent.
• It allows all light to pass through it without scattering or absorbing any of the light.

Explanation

• Fog is a type of cloud that forms at ground level.
• It characterized by a thick cloud of water droplets suspended in the air near the Earth's surface.
• This reduces visibility and creates a misty or foggy condition.

Explanation

• The temperature range of the clinical thermometer is 94°F to 108°F.
• A clinical thermometer is a device that measures the temperature of the body.
• A mercury bulb is located at the end of a long, narrow glass tube.
• The average body temperature is 37° C, but it can range between 35 and 42° C.

Explanation

• James Prescott Joule established that the various forms of energy, mechanical, electrical and heat, are basically the same and can be changed from one form into another.
• He demonstrated that different forms of energy are interchangeable in his most famous experiment, published in 1845, using a paddle wheel to show that mechanical energy could be changed into thermal energy.

Explanation

• Temperature is the measurement of the hotness or coldness of an object or substance.
• It is a physical property that is usually measured in units of Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), or Kelvin (K).

Explanation

• A gas is a state of matter that has neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume.
• It expands to fill its container and takes the shape of its container.
• Gases are highly compressible and can change shape and volume easily.
• Liquid: A liquid has a fixed volume but not a fixed shape.
• Solid: A solid has both a fixed shape and a fixed volume.

Explanation

• Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
• It can take many forms, including solids, liquids, gases, and plasma.
• Matter is the physical substance that makes up all objects, living and non-living.

Explanation

When water acts as the solvent in dissolving a substance, the process is called hydration.

It involves the attachment of water molecules to the ions or molecules of the solute.

Explanation

Ionic character is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the atoms in a bond.

A larger electronegativity difference indicates a greater degree of ionic character.

CsF has the largest electronegativity difference due to the extremely high electronegativity of fluorine and the very low electronegativity of cesium.