Explanation

In decolorization, particularly in purifying substances like sugar or organic compounds, animal charcoal (also known as bone char) is often used for its adsorptive properties.

The boiling of animal charcoal with hot water serves several purposes:

• Activation
• Removal of Soluble Impurities
• Enhancing Adsorption

The general steps involved in the decolorization process with animal charcoal include:

• Preparation
  
• Mixing
• Adsorption
• Filtration
• Recovery

Explanation

• A thermometer is typically made up of a glass tube filled with Mercury (Hg), a silvery-white liquid metal.
• The Mercury expands or contracts in response to changes in temperature, allowing us to measure the temperature.

Explanation

All of these compounds are alcohols, but the shorter the carbon chain, the more soluble they are in water.

Ethanol (C2H5OH) has the shortest carbon chain among the options, making it the most capable of forming hydrogen bonds with water molecules, thus leading to higher solubility. 

Explanation

Tollen's reagent detects aldehydes, which reduce Ag⁺ to metallic silver (silver mirror test).

CH₃CHO is an aldehyde, so it reacts with Tollen’s reagent; the others are ketones or acids, which do not.

Explanation

• Ascorbic acid, also known as Vitamin C, is found in various fruits and vegetables.
• But Alma (Emblica officinalis) and citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, and grapefruits are particularly rich in it.

Explanation

The term "phosphatidylcholine" is sometimes used interchangeably with "lecithin," although the two are different.

Choline is a component of phosphatidylcholine, which is a component of lecithin.

Explanation

In 1935, the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was crystallized by Wendell Meredith Stanley.

Stanley's work on TMV contributed significantly to the understanding of viruses

He earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1946

Explanation

Basic lead chromate is formed when lead chromate (PbCrO4) is boiled with dilute alkali hydroxide.

Here's the reaction:

PbCrO4 +OH- → PbO⋅PbCrO4 +H2O

In this process, the lead chromate reacts with the dilute alkali hydroxide to form basic lead chromate.

The alkali hydroxide used is typically a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH).

Explanation

• The lightest gas used for filling party and advertisement balloons is hydrogen.
• However, due to its flammability, helium is more commonly used despite being slightly heavier, because it is safe and non-reactive.

Explanation

• Laboratory thermometers typically have a range of 10°C to 110°C.
• It allowing for precise temperature measurements in a variety of laboratory settings.