Explanation

Japan Capital is Tokyo.

Japan Currency is Yen.

Japan official language is Japanese.

Japan located is in Continent Asia.

Japan Primary Religion is Buddhism or Shinto (But Secular Country).

Japan Head of Govt. is Prime Minister –Fumio Kishida.

Japan Parliament called Diet.

Tricks for Remember

RK6-12-2022

Explanation

Explanation

• Suez Canal is considered to be the greatest shipping Canal of the world.
• Since its completion in 1869, it has become one of the world's most heavily used shipping lanes

Explanation

Explanation

The first evidence of helium was observed on August 18, 1868

 as a bright yellow line with a wavelength of 587.49-nanometers in the spectrum of the chromosphere of the Sun.

The line was detected by French astronomer Jules Janssen during a total solar eclipse in Guntur, India.

Explanation

Glaciers can be found right around the world, even in equatorial Africa.

Australia is the only continent without glaciers.

Explanation

Ottoman Empire, an empire created via way of means of Turkish tribes in Anatolia (Asia Minor) that became come one of the maximum effective states withinside the international in the course of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.

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VU FIA PAPER 18-12-2021

Explanation

Explanation

The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War began in 1798 

Between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Mysore, led by Tipu Sultan.

It concluded in 1799 with the defeat of Mysore and the death of Tipu Sultan.

Explanation

موسم بدلتا ہے کیونکہ زمین سورج کے گرد گھوم رہی ہے۔

Earth's tilted axis causes the seasons. Throughout the year, different parts of Earth receive the Sun's most direct rays.

So, when the North Pole tilts toward the Sun, it's summer in the Northern Hemisphere. And when the South Pole tilts toward the Sun, it's winter in the Northern Hemisphere. 

Explanation

On October 12, 2007, former U.S. Vice President Al Gore and the United Nation's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change are awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

Al Gore is the co-winner, of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize for “informing the world of the dangers posed by climate change.”

Explanation

United States of America (USA) got independence on 4 July 1776 from Britain. 

On July 2, Congress voted in favor of independence, and on July 4, the Declaration of Independence was approved.

Explanation

International Nurses Day is observed on 12 May.

Theme 2022: Nurses: A Voice to Lead – Invest in nursing and respect rights to secure global health

Theme 2023: Our Nurses, Our Future

Theme 2024:Our Nurses. Our Future. The economic power of care

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Explanation

The 1992 Earth Summit was the first summit in the World.

It was held in Rio de Janeiro Brazil from June 3 to June 14, 1992

Additional Information

2018 is the 7th Digital Earth Summit, held in El Jadida (Morocco)

2019 - The Santiago Climate Change Conference, is the 25th session (COP25)

The 2022 Earth Summit  was held in Stockholm

Explanation

Recently, the World celebrated the 77th anniversary of the United Nations(UN) on 24th October 2022.

It is currently made up of 193 Member States. 

Founded: October 24, 1945, in San Francisco, California, United States

Headquarters: New York, New York, United States

Founders: United States, India, United Kingdom, Brazil, France,

Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish are the six official languages of the United Nations.

ND30-4-2023

Explanation

• UNICEF was founded on 11 December 1946.
• It is stands for the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund.
• It's headquarters is located in New York City, USA.
• It was established to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in worldwide countries.

Explanation

The Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) is a U.S. government initiative established by President Donald Trump on January 20, 2025, through an executive order.

DOGE aims to modernize federal technology systems and reduce government spending.

It operates under the Executive Office of the President.

It is led by Elon Musk.

Explanation

The FBI stands for Federal Bureau of Investigation.

“Federal” refers to the national government of the United States.

Formed July 26, 1908 

Headquarters: Washington, D.C., U.S.

Explanation

The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is a free trade agreement among nations in the Asia-Pacific region 

It is a free trade agreement among 15 nations in the Asia-Pacific region.

This partnership includes 10 ASEAN countries:

• Brunei
• Cambodia
• Indonesia
• Laos
• Malaysia
• Myanmar
• the Philippines
• Singapore
• Thailand
• Vietnam

5 additional countries:

• China
• Japan
• South Korea
• Australia
• New Zealand.

Explanation

Secretary-General is appointed for a three-year term by election by a council of Ministers from member states.

SAARC stands for South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

SAARC Secretariat was founded by Bangladeshi diplomat Abul Ahsan

The SAARC movement was launched for Regional cooperation

1. Australia,
2. China,
3. the European Union,
4. Iran,
5. Japan,
6. Mauritius,
7. Myanmar,
8. South Korea
9. and the United States

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There is a total of eight members of SAARC;

1. Afghanistan,
2. Bangladesh,
3. Bhutan,
4. India,
5. Nepal,
6. the Maldives,
7. Pakistan
8. and Sri Lanka

Explanation

The Middle East Treaty Organization, also known as the Central Treaty Organization

CENTO was a military alliance of the Cold War.

Headquarters: Baghdad (1955 – 1958) Ankara (1958 – 1979)

Abbreviation: METO

CENTO was formed on 24 February 1955 by:

• Iran
• Iraq
• Pakistan
• Turkey
• and the United Kingdom.

CENTO alliance was dissolved on 16 March 1979

related question

Both Iran and Pakistan remained members of CENTO till?

 1979

Pakistan left CENTO in which year____?

 1979

When Pakistan signed the Baghdad pact, later called CENTO:

 23 September 1955

ND17-1-2023

Explanation

Explanation

1. Australia,
2. China,
3. the European Union,
4. Iran,
5. Japan,
6. Mauritius,
7. Myanmar,
8. South Korea
9. and the United States

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There is a total of eight members of SAARC;

1. Afghanistan,
2. Bangladesh,
3. Bhutan,
4. India,
5. Nepal,
6. the Maldives,
7. Pakistan
8. and Sri Lanka

SAARC was Founded in Dhaka: on December 8, 1985

SAARC stands for South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

It was founded by Bangladeshi diplomat Abul Ahsan

It was launched for Regional cooperation

Explanation

Tedros Adhanom replaced Margaret Chan as 8th DG WHO in 2017.

Tedros Adhanom belongs: Ethiopia.

Explanation

Madagascar is a large island in the Indian Ocean 

It is located 400 kilometres (250 mi) off the eastern coast of Southern Africa, east of Mozambique.

Madagascar is the fourth-largest island in the world.

Its capital, Antananarivo

It has the 25th largest exclusive economic zone 

Explanation

Niagara Falls was discovered by French explorer, Father Louis Hennepin in December 1678. Niagara Falls is a group of three waterfalls at the southern end of Niagara Gorge, spanning the border between the US state of New York and the Canadian province of Ontario.

Explanation

Elon Reeve Musk is a businessman known for his leadership of Tesla, SpaceX, and X (formerly Twitter).

Since 2025, he has been a senior advisor to United States President Donald Trump

The de facto head of the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE).

He is the Senior Advisor to the President since January 20, 2025

Explanation

Pashtuns are the largest ethnic group in Afghanistan. 

Tajiks are the second-largest ethnic group in Afghanistan.

It comprises between 25% and 30% of the population.

The Tajiks in Afghanistan are mainly Sunni Muslims who follow the Hanafi sect.

Explanation

 Mauritius, officially the Republic of Mauritius,

It is an island country in the Indian Ocean,

It is about 2,000 kilometres off the southeastern coast of East Africa, east of Madagascar. 

Explanation

Libya Capital is Tripoli.

Libya Currency is Libyan Dinar.

Libya official language is Arabic.

Libya located is in Continent Africa.

Libya Primary Religion is Islam.

Libya Head of Govt. is Prime Minister – Fathi Bashagha.

Libya Parliament called General People’s Congress.

Tricks for Remember

DINAR

 K-S in J-A-I-L

**K-S**

K-Kuwait

S-Sudan

**J-A-I-L***

J-Jorden

A-Algeria

I-Iraq

L-Libya

RK6-12-2022

Explanation

New York is not on the Pacific Coast, while Taipei and Shanghai are: 

• New York: Located in the Northeastern United States, New York City is situated at the meeting point of the Hudson River and the Atlantic Ocean. 
• Taipei: A city on the Pacific Coast 
• Shanghai: A city on the Pacific Coast 

The Pacific Coast is the coastline that runs along the Western United States and the North Pacific Ocean.

Some ports on the Pacific Coast include: San Francisco, Port of Seattle, Port of Tacoma, and Tijuana.

Explanation

Light House of Alexandria:

Location: Pharos, Alexandria, Egypt

Coordinates: 31°12′50″N 29°53′08″E

Constructed: Between 284 and 246 BC

Material: Foundation Stone

Tower Height: 103 to 118 meters (338 to 387 feet)

Range: 47 km (29 miles)

Explanation

The cycles of monsoons are well developed in South and South East Asia, particularly in countries such as India, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines.

Monsoons are seasonal weather patterns that bring significant rainfall and wind changes to these regions.

It typically between June and September.

Explanation

"Magna Carta Libertatum" was signed on June 15, 1215 AD.

History

Magna Carta was a charter agreed upon by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215.

It promised the protection of Church rights and protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment.

The principle was that the English population should be governed by definite laws and the monarch's decrees.

Explanation

Mother Teresa was a public nurse 

For 45 years she ministered to the poor, sick, orphaned, and dying.

She was the founder of the Missionaries of Charity (located in Kolkata)

Mother Teresa receives more than 700 prizes for her charity work 

Additional information 

She was born in Skopje

She Died on September 5, 1997  in Kolkata, India

She died at the of age 87 years

Place of burial: The Mother House Of The Missionaries Of Charity

Explanation

The UNFCCC entered into force on 21 March 1994.

The 197 countries that have ratified the Convention are called Parties to the Convention.

Preventing “dangerous” human interference with the climate system is the ultimate aim of the UNFCCC.

Explanation

Emerald bedrock with long, horizontal parallel grooves is termed as Zuegen.

This term refers to rock formations shaped by wind erosion.

This creating ridges and grooves that are oriented in the direction of prevailing winds.

Explanation

Pakistan was alleged to have provided support for Osama bin Laden.

Osama was killed by a team of United States Navy SEALs on 2 May 2011.

The compound itself was located just half a mile from Pakistan's premier military training academy Kakul Military Academy (PMA) in Abbottabad.

 American president Barack Obama asked Pakistan to investigate the network that sustained bin Laden.

Explanation

Explanation

Know about Oscar Awards

Oscar Awards also known: Academy Award 

Oscar Awards: most prestigious award of Hollywood 

Held: annually 

Organizer: Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Science 

First Oscar Awards: 16 May 1929

First ceremony held: Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel

First Oscar award had: 12 categories 

Best Actor of First Oscar Award: Emil Jannings (German Actor)

Best Actress of First Oscar Award: Janet Gaynor (American Actress)

President of first Oscar Awards: Douglas Fairbanks (American Actor)

Oscar Awards broadcast to the general public for the first time through radio: 1930 

In 1953, Radio was replaced by television for the first time and the ceremony was televised.

Objective: To honour the participating artists of the motion picture industry  

Current Oscar award has: 24 categories

Explanation

Important Question "Joseph Robinette Biden Jr":

Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. is an American politician

Born: November 20, 1942

Joe Biden was inaugurated on January 20, 2021.

Joe Biden is the 46th and current president of the United States 

Joe Biden belongs to the state of Pennsylvania

Explanation

Clinton visited Pakistan on 25-Mar-2000.

William Jefferson Clinton is an American 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001.

Party: Democratic Party

Born: August 19, 1946 (age 77 years), Hope, Arkansas, United States

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Explanation

Frederik X is the current King of Denmark.

Frederik X acceded to the throne following his mother's abdication.

Appointment date: 14 January 2024

Frederik is the elder son of Queen Margrethe II and Prince Henrik.

Predecessor: Margrethe II

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Explanation

Dina Boluarte is served as the 64th president of Peru since 7 December 2022.

Dina Boluarte is the first woman to become President of Peru.

Peru's President Pedro Castillo replaced by Dina Boluarte 

Explanation

Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution.

He became Emperor of the French, leading numerous successful campaigns across Europe during the Napoleonic Wars.

He is considered one of history's greatest military commanders.

He was born on 15 August 1769.

He was died on 5 May 1821.

Explanation

Queen Victoria became the Empress of India (Kaisar-e-Hind) in 1876.

Although she was officially proclaimed Empress of India on January 1, 1877.

This change in title was the result of the British government passing the Royal Titles Act.

Explanation

Aristotle emphasized justice as a central virtue in his philosophy.

He defining it as giving each person their due and promoting fairness within society.

He distinguished between distributive and corrective justice in his works.

Explanation

Mustafa Kemal, later known as Ataturk

He was born in Thessaloniki (also called Salonika) on July 12, 1881

1st President of Turkey In office 29 October 1923 – 10 November 1938

Died: 10 November 1938 (aged 57), Istanbul, Turkey

Resting place: Anıtkabir, Ankara

Explanation

"China's Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukrainian Crisis"  is a document published on February 24, 2023

The document includes 12 actions in the plan, 

Explanation

• China  has the largest army
• ***
  
  
• China, officially the People's Republic of China, is a country in East Asia.
• Covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometers,
• China is the world's third or fourth-largest country by area.
• ****
•  Vatican City, the world's smallest country, has the smallest Army