Explanation

Newton's rings are circular fringes formed due to the interference of light reflected from two surfaces.

They appear when a plano-convex lens is placed on a flat glass surface.

Explanation

Thermistors are temperature-sensitive resistors whose resistance changes with temperature.

This change affects the electrical voltage in a circuit, allowing temperature measurement.

Explanation

In a Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO), the brightness of the spot is controlled by the intensity of the electron beam.

This intensity is regulated by the voltage on the anodes, hence anodes control brightness.

Explanation

Centripetal force acts perpendicular to the direction of motion in circular motion.

Since work = force × displacement × cos(θ), and θ = 90°, the work done is zero.

Explanation

When a convex lens is cut parallel to the principal axis (i.e., horizontally through the center):

• Each half becomes a smaller lens with the same curvature.

• Focal length remains unchanged because the shape (curvature) and refractive index are the same.

• Only the aperture (light-gathering area) is reduced.

So, even after cutting the lens horizontally, the focal length stays the same.

Explanation

The internal energy of an ideal gas is solely dependent on the kinetic energy of the molecules, which is directly related to the temperature. 

Explanation

Sound travels faster in iron than in air.

This is because sound waves move more quickly through denser materials.

Like iron, compared to less dense ones, like air.

Explanation

The output of an XNOR (Exclusive NOR) gate will be high when the input logic levels are the same.

XNOR gates output a high signal when both inputs are either both high or both low.

Explanation

Two batteries with unequal EMF can be connected only in series.

Connecting them in parallel can cause excessive current flow and potential damage.

Explanation

The voltage regulator is used in a vehicle to control the voltage produced at the output of the alternator.

It ensures the voltage remains within a specific range to protect the vehicle's electrical components.