Explanation

• Phenolphthalein is a pH indicator that changes color in response to changes in acidity or basicity.
• In an acidic medium, it is colorless, and in a basic medium, it turns pink.

Explanation

• Osmosis is the process where a solvent, typically water.
• It moves through a porous membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Explanation

• Distillation is a process that removes dissolved physical and chemical impurities from water.
• By boiling the water and then collecting the condensed steam, which is free from many impurities.

Explanation

• Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures that contain particles that are visible to the naked eye and settle out of the mixture over time.
• This is in contrast to solutions, which are homogeneous mixtures that contain dissolved particles that are not visible and do not settle out.

Explanation

• Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a greenhouse gas that plays a significant role in the Earth's greenhouse effect.
• It traps heat radiated from the Earth's surface, maintaining the Earth's temperature and keeping it warm enough to support life.
• Other greenhouse gases include methane (CH4), water vapor (H2O), and nitrous oxide (N2O).

Explanation

• The old name of Nitrogen is Azote.
• This name, derived from the Greek word "azotikos" meaning "no life".
• It was given because nitrogen gas does not support respiration, making it inert or "lifeless" in this context.

Explanation

• The freezing point of water (0°C or 32°F) is the same as its melting point.
• Which is the temperature at which water will freeze or melt.

Explanation

• Gases have neither a fixed volume nor a fixed shape.
• As their particles are widely spaced and free to move in any direction, expanding to fill their container.

Explanation

• Solids like sawdust float on water because they are less dense than water.
• When sawdust is added to water, it forms a heterogeneous mixture.
• Where the sawdust particles remain separate from the water and float on the surface.

Explanation

The pH of a buffer solution depends on the concentration of both the acid (H+) and its conjugate base (-OH-). A buffer solution is a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. The pH of the solution is determined by the ratio of the concentrations of the acid and its conjugate base, as described by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log([base]/[acid])

Where:

• pH is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration
• pKa is the acid dissociation constant
• [base] is the concentration of the conjugate base
• [acid] is the concentration of the acid

Therefore, the pH of a buffer solution depends on the concentration of both the acid (H+) and its conjugate base (-OH-).