Explanation

Tyloses are outgrowths from xylem parenchyma cells

They grow into the lumen of tracheary cells through pits, balloon out, and occlude the cell interior.

Tyloses are typically associated with the process of defense against pathogens

They are commonly found in the xylem of certain trees and plants.

Explanation

A runner is a specialized stem that grows horizontally along the ground and produces new plants at its nodes

Strawberries are known to reproduce through these runners. 

2. Mint plant:

While mint can spread quickly, it does so through suckers, not runners. S suckers grow vertically from the root system, whereas runners grow horizontally aboveground. 

3. Lachi:

There's no widely recognized plant called "lachi". This may be a typo or a less common term. 

Explanation

Explanation

Haustoria are specialized structures produced by parasitic fungi.

They penetrate the host cells and absorb nutrients directly from the cytoplasm. 

Explanation

Soil pollution can be caused by various factors including acid rain, ozone, and aerosols.

Explanation

The prothallus of Nephrolepis (a type of fern) is haploid.

The prothallus is haploid, since it grew from a spore which had been formed by meiosis.

It does not have any vascular tissue and uses small rhizoids to anchor it to the ground.

On the underside of the prothallus the sex organs form.

Explanation

Excessive irrigation can lead to the accumulation of salts in the soil, causing salinity.

Salinity causes salt stress in plants.

Prolonged liberal irrigation results in nutrient depletion in the soil so that the plants do not grow properly.

Explanation

Tea plants require high rainfall and humid climate for healthy growth.

They grow well in hilly or sloped regions with fertile, well-drained soil.

Explanation

In gymnosperms, the ovule is covered by an integument, which is a protective layer.

Explanation

Bryophytes such as mosses and algae are non-vascular plants.

They do not possess true roots, stems and leaves.

Xylem and phloem are absent. Bryophytes include liverworts, hornworts and mosses.