Explanation

Transpiration is the process by which plants lose internal water in the form of water vapor through aerial parts such as leaves, stems, and flowers.

This process occurs mainly through small openings called stomata.

Explanation

The breakdown of food molecules to release energy is called cellular respiration.

This process involves breaking down glucose and other molecules in the presence of oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of cells.

Explanation

The centromere is the region where the two chromatids (sister chromatids) are attached to each other.

It serves as a constricted region that holds the chromatids together until they separate during cell division.

Explanation

Once you have the data, you may need to perform mathematical analysis.

It involves using statistical and mathematical techniques to interpret and draw conclusions from the data.

Explanation

The biosphere is the region of the Earth where life exists, including the land, oceans, and atmosphere.

It encompasses all living organisms, from the tiniest microbe to the mightiest tree.

Includes the interactions between living things and their environment.

Explanation

When a radioactive nuclide emits a beta (β) particle, it undergoes beta decay.

In beta decay, a neutron in the nucleus is converted into a proton and an electron (the beta particle).

As a result, the atomic number (proton number) of the nucleus increases by 1.

Explanation

A magnetic compass is a device that responds to the presence of a magnetic field by aligning its needle with the direction of the field.

It is a common tool used to detect and measure magnetic fields.

Explanation

Ohm's Law states that the current (I) flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage (V) applied across it, and inversely proportional to the resistance (R) of the conductor.

Mathematically, this is expressed as: I = V/R Or, V = I × R

This means that as the voltage increases, the current increases, provided the resistance remains constant.

Explanation

Abrasives are substances that wear away or remove material through friction or rubbing.

Examples of abrasives include:

Water insoluble minerals like:

• Silica (sand)
• Alumina (aluminum oxide)
• Calcium carbonate (limestone)
• Diamond

Explanation

Systematic errors are caused by faulty or improper functioning of instruments, or by a flaw in the experimental design.

These errors are consistent and repeatable, and can be identified and corrected.