Infectious Disease | MCQs

Explanation

Measles is one of the world's most contagious diseases

It spread by contact with infected nasal or throat secretions (coughing or sneezing) or breathing the air that was breathed by someone with measles.

The virus remains active and contagious in the air or on infected surfaces for up to two hours.

Explanation

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease transmitted through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks.

Explanation

COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs.

It leads to severe respiratory issues and pneumonia.

In critical cases, it can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which can be lethal.

Explanation

The intestinal parasite that causes amoebic dysentery in humans is Entamoeba histolytica.

Amoebic dysentery is a disease caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. 

Explanation

Diarrhoeal disease is the second leading cause of death in children under five years old.

In the past, for most children, severe dehydration and fluid loss were the main causes of death from diarrhea.

Now, other causes such as septic bacterial infections are an increasing proportion of all diarrhea-associated deaths.

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ND1-2-2023

Explanation

Acute diarrhea is defined as three or more loose or watery stools per day

The most common causes of acute and persistent diarrhea are:

• infections
• travelers' diarrhea
• and side effects of medicines.

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Key measures to prevent diarrhea include:

• access to safe drinking water;
• use of improved sanitation;
• hand washing with soap

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ND1-2-2023

Explanation

A ( borehole latrine) pit latrine, also known as a pit toilet, is a type of toilet that collects human feces in a hole in the ground.

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typhoid fever can be contracted including:

using a toilet contaminated with bacteria

and touching your mouth before washing your hands.

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Drinking such water is unsafe for our health

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ND1-2-2023

Explanation

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites.

The parasites are spread to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, called "malaria vectors.

Explanation

The bacteria that cause tuberculosis and leprosy are Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae

So the correct answer is d) None of these 

Explanation