Explanation

 The major effect of habitat fragmentation is Inbreeding & loss of genetic diversity,

As it leads to reduced gene flow and increased isolation of populations

Ultimately decreasing the genetic diversity and increasing the risk of inbreeding

Explanation

The Houbara Bustard is called "Tiloor" and is located locally in some parts of India.

In Balochistan, Pakistan, it is known as the "provincial bird

Explanation

Genetic drift is the random fluctuation of allele frequencies in a population.

They are often due to chance events or sampling errors.

It can lead to the loss of alleles, especially in small populations, or the increase in frequency of rare alleles.

The effect of genetic drift is more pronounced in smaller populations

Random events can have a greater impact on allele frequencies. 

Explanation

 The most precious falcons used in falconery are the Saker and the Peregrine falcons.

Explanation

Fossorial means digging or burrowing animals.

Explanation

 A sudden change in the genetic material is called a mutation

Mutations can arise from errors during DNA replication, exposure to certain environmental factors, or other types of DNA damage.

These changes can involve alterations in the nucleotide sequence, insertions, deletions, or rearrangements of DNA segments. 

Explanation

If an inversion does not include the centromere, it's known as a paracentric inversion. 

Explanation

 The house sparrow ( Passer domesticus) is a very common bird species found in Pakistan 

One of about 25 species in the genus Passer, the house sparrow is native to most of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin, and a large part of Asia

Explanation

 Halophiles are archaea that thrive in extremely salty environments like the Dead Sea,

So they are the most prevalent type of archaea found there

Explanation

Xerosere, as xerosere refers to primary succession occurring in dry, barren environments like deserts or rocky surfaces.

"Derosere" is not a standard ecological term.