Explanation

 Ineffective in Large Areas – Difficult to cover extensive regions accurately.

Explanation

 The heartbeat is normally initiated by the sinoatrial (SA) node, a group of specialized cells in the right atrium, acting as the heart's natural pacemaker. 

Explanation

The kidney is the primary excretory organ in fishes, responsible for osmoregulation and excretion of nitrogenous wastes.

However, gills and skin also play minor roles in excretion.

Explanation

 According to the IUCN Red List categories, Least Concern (LC) indicates a species is at the lowest risk of extinction, meaning it's widespread and abundant. 

Explanation

On a DNA strand, nucleotides are linked together by phosphodiester bonds.

These bonds connect the 5' carbon of one nucleotide's sugar to the 3' carbon of the next nucleotide's sugar, forming a chain. 

Explanation

 The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) contains 42 articles along with 3 annexes.

Explanation

 The destruction of wildlife is a multifaceted problem, and the answer is All of these, as deforestation, overfishing, and climate change are all significant drivers of wildlife decline. 

Explanation

 The modern genus of horse, Equus, is believed to have evolved from Dinohippus, via the intermediate form Plesippus. 

Explanation

Phenology examines the timing of recurring natural events, such as the flowering of a plant, the arrival of a migrant bird, or the emergence of a caterpillar, with seasonal climatic changes. 

Explanation

Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and are typically much smaller than other viruses like adenoviruses.

While adenoviruses range in size from 70-90nm, bacteriophages can be as small as 20nm.