Explanation

Explanation

The type of transpiration occurring through special openings in plant stems is called lenticular transpiration.

These openings, known as lenticels, are small pores in the bark of woody stems and allow for gas exchange and water vapor loss. 

Explanation

Most proteins are made up of 20 different amino acids.

These 20 amino acids are commonly referred to as the standard or proteinogenic amino acids.

While other amino acids exist, they are not typically found in the primary structure of proteins that make up most living organisms.

Explanation

 While an electron always has an electric field due to its charge, its spin generates a magnetic field.

The motion of a charged particle (even if it's just spinning) creates a magnetic field.

Explanation

Viruses lack organelles like ribosomes, mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus.

They are simple particles composed of genetic material (DNA or RNA) and a protein coat.

They need to infect a host cell to use the host's ribosomes to replicate.

Explanation

 The special enzyme used to cut DNA at specific sequences is called a restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease.

These enzymes are crucial for various molecular biology techniques like genetic engineering and DNA fingerprinting.

They recognize specific sequences within the DNA and cleave the molecule at those sites. 

Explanation

In echinoderms, water enters the water vascular system through a sieve-like structure called the madreporite.

This structure, often a small, light-colored plate, acts as an opening to the internal water-filled canals.

Water then flows through a series of canals, including the stone canal and radial canals, eventually reaching the tube feet.

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

 The process of producing a protein from mRNA is called translation.

First, mRNA, carrying the genetic code from DNA, is created through transcription.

Then, this mRNA molecule travels to ribosomes,

Where it is translated into a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a polypeptide chain.

This polypeptide then folds into a functional protein.