Explanation

Abdul Qasim Ali Zahravi, also known as Al-Zahrawi, is considered the father of modern surgery.

He wrote the influential medical encyclopedia Al-Tasrif, which included surgical techniques.

Explanation

The Aedes mosquito, especially Aedes aegypti, is the primary vector of dengue fever.

Anopheles transmits malaria.

Culex transmits other diseases like West Nile virus.

Explanation

Glucose is a small sugar molecule, a simple carbohydrate, not a macromolecule.

Proteins, sucrose (a disaccharide), and fatty acids are larger or complex molecules often considered macromolecules or part of them.

Explanation

A hypothesis is a proposed explanation or possible answer to a scientific problem.

Data are facts collected.

Conclusion is the final decision after analysis.

Explanation

Singer and Nicolson proposed the Fluid Mosaic Model in 1972 to describe the flexible, dynamic structure of the cell membrane.

It shows proteins floating in a fluid layer of phospholipids, like a "mosaic."

Explanation

New cells arise from pre-existing cells through cell division (mitosis or meiosis), as stated in the cell theory.

Old cells do not form from division; they are the parent cells that divide.

Explanation

Microscopy is the science or technique of using microscopes to view small objects.

Microscope is the instrument, while microscopy refers to the practice of using it.

Explanation

The nucleolus synthesizes rRNA (ribosomal RNA), which combines with proteins to form ribosomal subunits.

These subunits later form complete ribosomes in the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.

Explanation

Peptidoglycan (also known as murein) is a mesh-like polymer that makes up the cell wall of most prokaryotes, especially bacteria.

It provides rigidity and structural support, protecting the cell from osmotic pressure.

Explanation

A species is defined as a group of organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring.

Organisms in different genera generally cannot produce fertile offspring.