Explanation

Lithotripsy is a non-invasive method that uses shock waves to break medium-sized kidney stones.

The stone fragments then pass out naturally through urine.

Explanation

Bayer's test (using dilute potassium permanganate) detects the presence of C=C double bonds in alkenes.

A positive test results in decolorization of the purple KMnO₄ solution.

Explanation

Transmission means sending or passing on data or signals.

The opposite (antonym) is Hold, which means to keep or retain without sending.

Transmission means ڈیٹا یا سگنل بھیجنا یا پاس کرنا

Hold means بھیجے بغیر رکھنا یا برقرار رکھنا

Explanation

The smallpox vaccine (1796) by Edward Jenner and rabies vaccine (1885) by Louis Pasteur were key biotech advances before the 20th century.

DNA structure was discovered later in the mid-20th century.

Artificial sweeteners also post-date that era.

Explanation

Families and Allies both end in -ies, showing a plural form with a similar pattern.

Churches and Brushes both end in -es, matching the plural form pattern.

Explanation

Calcium propionate (CH₃CH₂COO⁻Ca⁺) and calcium acetate (CH₃COO⁻Ca⁺) undergo ketonic decarboxylation upon heating.

This reaction forms ethyl methyl ketone (butanone) and releases CO₂.

Explanation

Benjamin Bloom described teaching as a tri-polar process involving teacher, student, and content.

It emphasizes the interaction between all three elements for effective learning.

Explanation

Fringing reefs are directly attached to a shoreline or lie close to the coast of volcanic islands.

They are the most common type of coral reef and develop in the shallow waters near land.

Explanation

Individual counseling is a one-on-one process between the counselor and the student.

The goal is to address personal, academic, or social issues faced by the student directly.

Explanation

The S phase (Synthesis phase) of the cell cycle is when DNA replication and chromosome duplication occur.

It ensures each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic material during cell division.