Explanation

Carboxylic acids contain the carboxyl group (–COOH), which gives them their acidic properties.

This group consists of a carbonyl (C=O) and hydroxyl (–OH) bonded to the same carbon atom.

Explanation

Calcium oxalate accounts for ~70% of kidney stones, forming crystals when urine is concentrated.

It results from high oxalate intake (e.g., spinach, nuts) or metabolic imbalances.

Explanation

Portfolio Assessment: Involves a systematic collection of student work (e.g., essays, projects) to demonstrate progress and skills over time.

It provides a holistic view of learning, unlike one-time tests (formative/diagnostic).

Explanation

Cardinal directions are the four main directions:

1. North
2. South
3. East
4. West

Northeast is an intercardinal (or ordinal) direction, not a cardinal one.

Explanation

"Broke down" is a phrasal verb meaning to lose control emotionally.

It fits the context of stopping mid-speech due to strong feelings.

Explanation

The sentence talks about a past event ("last birthday"), so past tense is needed.

"Were" is the correct past tense form of "are" for you.

Explanation

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) stores and transfers energy released in catabolism to drive anabolic reactions.

It acts as the main energy currency of the cell.

Explanation

A matrix A is symmetric if its transpose equals itself, i.e., A^T = A.

This means the elements are mirrored across the main diagonal.

Explanation

The equation of continuity A₁V₁ = A₂V₂ represents the conservation of mass in fluid flow.

The constant is equal to the Volume flow rate, which is the volume of fluid passing through a given area per unit time.

Explanation

A computer processes and stores all data in digital form, i.e., binary (0s and 1s).

Even analog data is converted into digital signals before processing.