Explanation

Orbital electrons have specific, quantized energy levels depending on their orbit.

They cannot have arbitrary energy values — only fixed amounts allowed by quantum rules.

Explanation

The density of air varies with height.

It is maximum near the surface of the earth and decreases as the height increases.

When we climb up a mountain,

the density of air decreases,

and thus the atmospheric pressure also decreases.

Explanation

A Steam Turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and transforms it into mechanical work.

Explanation

The ratio of output voltage to input voltage in a transistor circuit is called the voltage gain.

It measures how much the amplifier increases the input signal voltage.

Explanation

1 atmosphere (atm) is a standard unit of pressure equal to 101.325 kPa, 760 mmHg, and 760 torr.

These units are used interchangeably in measuring atmospheric pressure.

Explanation

The relativistic length contraction formula is:

L = L₀√(1 - v²/c²)

Given L = L₀/2:

L₀/2 = L₀√(1 - v²/c²)

1/2 = √(1 - v²/c²)

1/4 = 1 - v²/c²

v²/c² = 3/4

v = √(3/4) * c = √3/2 * c

The answer is v = √3/2c.

Explanation

Gamma rays consist of radiations similar to x-rays.

They are high-energy electromagnetic waves with no mass or charge.

Explanation

• A translucent object allows some light to travel through it, but scatters or absorbs some of the light, making it semi-transparent.
• Examples: Frosted glass, wax paper, and tissue paper.

Transparent: Allows all light to pass through, providing a clear view. 

Opaque: Does not allow any light to pass through.

Explanation

The approximate value of the speed of sound in air at 0°C is 332 m/s.

This value is based on standard atmospheric conditions

They vary slightly with changes in temperature and pressure.

Explanation

R = xS⁴  

When S = 5, R = 6  

So,  

6 = x × (5)⁴ = x × 625  

⇒ x = 6 / 625

Now find R when S = 8:  

R = (6 / 625) × (8)⁴ = (6 / 625) × 4096  

= 24576 / 625 = 39.3216