Explanation

Centripetal force is any force that keeps an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center of the circle.

Tension in a string, gravitational force (like planets orbiting), and friction (like a car turning) can all provide centripetal force.

Explanation

For a polyatomic gas, Cv is typically 3R, accounting for translational and rotational degrees of freedom.

This value can increase with temperature as vibrational modes become excited, contributing to the specific heat.

Explanation

Let's denote the mass and radius of both objects as M and R, respectively.

For a thin-walled cylinder about its central axis, I_cylinder = MR².

For a solid sphere about its diameter, I_sphere = (2/5)MR².

The ratio is I_cylinder / I_sphere = MR² / ((2/5)MR²) = 5/2.

Explanation

A rectifier is an electrical device that converts Alternating Current (AC) into Direct Current (DC).

It works by allowing current to flow only in one direction using diodes.

Explanation

Spring potential energy is given by U = 1/2kx².

If stretching to distance S gives 10 J, then to stretch to 2S, the energy becomes 1/2k(2S)² = 4×10 = 40 J.

So, additional work =  40−10 = 30 J.

Explanation

Copper, silver, aluminum, gold, steel, and brass are common conductors of electricity.

The most highly conductive metals are silver, copper, and gold

Silver is the first-best conductor of heat.

Copper is the second-best conductor of heat.

Explanation

The relation between work (W) done and torque (τ) in rotational motion is:

W = τdθ

Where:

- W is the work done

- τ is the torque

- dθ is the angular displacement

This shows that work done in rotational motion is the product of torque and angular displacement.

Explanation

The microscopic form of Ohm's law is:

J = σE

where J is the current density.

σ is the conductivity.

E is the electric field.

Explanation

Increasing the energy of a sound wave amplifies its amplitude, resulting in a louder sound.

Loudspeakers work by converting electrical energy into sound energy, so higher energy input leads to a louder output.

Explanation

The product RC (Resistance × Capacitance) gives the time constant in an RC circuit.

Its unit is Ohm × Farad = seconds (s), which is the unit of time.