Explanation

The average daily food intake provides about 8,000–10,000 kJ, similar to the energy in 0.33 liters of petrol.

This comparison helps relate human energy needs to fuel energy.

Explanation

Lenz's law states that the direction of induced current in a closed loop is such that it opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it.

This means that if the magnetic field through a loop increases, the induced current will flow in a direction that creates a magnetic field opposing that increase, and vice versa.

Explanation

Relative permittivity is the ratio of a medium's is defined by:

1. The ratio of the electric field in vacuum to the electric field in the medium

and

2. The ratio of the capacitance with the medium to the capacitance with air

Explanation

• A black hole is a region of space where matter has collapsed in on itself.
• It creating an incredibly dense and gravitational field so strong that not even light can escape.

Explanation

• Blue stars are hotter than red and orange stars.
• The temperature of stars increases from red to orange to yellow to white to blue, with blue stars being the hottest.

Explanation

• When a sound wave travels from one place to another, it transports energy from the source of the sound to the surrounding environment.
• Sound waves are a form of mechanical energy that is transferred through the vibration of particles in a medium, such as air or water.

Explanation

• Dispersion of light refers to the splitting of white light into its component colors, which are also known as the visible spectrum.
• This occurs when light passes through a medium with a refractive index that varies with wavelength, such as a prism.

Explanation

Reflecting prisms work on the principle of total internal reflection, where light is completely reflected back into the prism material rather than passing through the interface.

Explanation

• Convection is the primary mode of heat transfer in liquids and gases, where heat is transferred through the motion of fluids.
• This motion creates circulation currents that carry heat energy from one location to another.

Explanation

• In a longitudinal wave, a compression is a region where the particles are closest together.
• While a rarefaction is a region where the particles are farthest apart.