Explanation

Rectangular components of a vector are its projections along perpendicular axes (typically x and y).

Therefore, the angle between them is always 90 degrees, i.e., they are mutually perpendicular.

Explanation

Silicon is the most widely used material in semiconductor devices due to its:

• Abundance in nature

• Suitable electrical properties

• Excellent thermal stability

• Formation of a stable oxide layer (SiO₂), which is useful in device fabrication

While germanium was used in early semiconductors and gallium nitride is used in high-power or high-frequency applications, silicon remains the industry standard.

Explanation

A short circuit is a condition where the resistance of a circuit is zero, or very close to zero.

This occurs when there is a direct connection between two points in a circuit, bypassing any resistance or load.

As a result, the current flows freely, and the voltage across the circuit is zero.

Explanation

Coulomb's Law most closely resembles Newton's Law of Gravitation.

• Both laws deal with forces between objects
• Both forces decrease with distance (inverse-square law)
• Mathematical formulas are similar in structure

F = k × (q1 × q2) / r^2 (Coulomb's Law)

F = G × (m1 × m2) / r^2 (Newton's Law of Gravitation)

Explanation

In simple harmonic motion (SHM), the object's maximum speed occurs when it passes through the equilibrium point, which is the midpoint of its oscillation.

Explanation

Nuclear energy is the energy released from the nucleus of an atom, either through fission (splitting of atoms) or fusion (combination of atoms).

This energy is released in the form of heat and radiation, and is harnessed in nuclear power plants to generate electricity.

Key Points:

• Solar energy is energy from the sun
• Geothermal energy is energy from the Earth's internal heat
• Tidal energy is energy from ocean tides

Explanation

The kinetic energy (K.E) of an object is calculated as:

• K.E = (1/2) x mass x velocity^2
• = (1/2) x 1 kg x (1 m/s)^2
• = 0.5 Joule
• = 1/2 Joule

So, the kinetic energy of the body is 1/2 Joule or 0.5 Joule.

Explanation

A communication satellite in a geostationary orbit completes one revolution around the Earth in 24 hours.

This is the same amount of time it takes the Earth to rotate once on its axis.

Explanation

• ESA (European Space Agency) is an intergovernmental organization.
• It dedicated to the exploration of space, with 22 member states from Europe.
• It was established in 1975.

Explanation

The correct option will be 2 milliamperes ( according to the NTS answer key).

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In reality, 2 mA typically causes a mild tingling sensation or a slight shock, but it is not enough to cause severe injury or put someone into a coma.

For a current to potentially cause a coma, it usually needs to be in the range of 50 to 100 mA.