Explanation

The work done on a unit charge against an electric field intensity is called electric potential.

It is also known as voltage or potential difference.

It is measured in volts (V) and represents the energy transferred per unit charge.

Electric potential (V) = Work done (W) / Charge (Q)

V = W / Q

Explanation

X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation that are commonly used in radiotherapy to destroy cancer cells.

They have enough energy to penetrate deep into tissue and damage the DNA of cancer cells, slowing their growth or killing them.

Explanation

Oscillations are damped due to the presence of frictional force.

Frictional force opposes motion and converts some of the kinetic energy into heat energy, causing the oscillations to decay over time.

There are three main types of frictional force that can cause damping:

• Viscous damping (e.g., air resistance, water resistance)
• Coulomb damping (e.g., friction between surfaces)
• Internal damping (e.g., within the material itself)

Explanation

Specific heat capacity is the thermal energy transfer required per unit mass to increase the temperature of a substance by 1°C (or 1 K).

It is a measure of how much heat energy a substance can absorb or release per unit mass per unit temperature change.

Explanation

The renewable energy sources are:

• Water energy
• Wind energy
• Tidal energy
• Solar energy
• Hydroelectric
• Ocean energy
• Geothermal energy
• Biomass
• Biogas

The non-renewable energy sources are:

• Fossil fuels or Hydrocarbon fuel (Oil, Natural gas, Coal)
• Nuclear energy

Explanation

• A pair of unlike parallel forces (forces that act in opposite directions) with different lines of force produce a couple.
• It is also known as a moment or torque.
• This is a rotational force that tends to cause rotation around a pivot point or axis.

Explanation

• If the zero line of the Vernier scale coincides with the zero of the main scale, it means that there is no zero error.
• Zero error occurs when the zero of the Vernier scale is not aligned with the zero of the main scale, resulting in a systematic error in the measurements.

Explanation

To find the area of the chip wrapper, you multiply the length by the width:

Area = Length x Width

= 4.5 cm x 5.9 cm

= 26.55 cm^2

So, the area of the chip wrapper is 26.55 cm^2.

Explanation

 - In a pure capacitive circuit, the current leads the voltage by 90°.

- In a pure inductive circuit, the current lags behind the voltage by 90°.

- In both cases, there is a 90° phase difference between current and voltage

Explanation

The SI unit of conductance is the Siemens (S).

It is the reciprocal of resistance, which is measured in ohms (Ω).

Therefore, 1 Siemens is equal to 1/ohm.

The term "mho" is also sometimes used as a unit of conductance, but Siemens is the standard SI unit.