Explanation

• The greenhouse effect is an environmental problem caused by the increasing amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere.
• Primarily due to human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and land-use changes.
• This excess CO2 traps heat and leads to global warming and climate change.

Explanation

"Magna Carta Libertatum" was signed on June 15, 1215 AD.

History

Magna Carta was a charter agreed upon by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215.

It promised the protection of Church rights and protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment.

The principle was that the English population should be governed by definite laws and the monarch's decrees.

Explanation

Diagnostic means تشخیصی

Diagnostic assessment is used to identify students' strengths and weaknesses, helping to detect difficulties in the learning process.

It is conducted before or during the learning process to provide insights for improving teaching strategies.

Explanation

• Ozone gas is a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms, with the chemical formula O3.
• This is different from ordinary oxygen, which has the chemical formula O2.

Explanation

The West Pakistan Textbook Board was officially established on 6th June 1962 under the West Pakistan Textbook Board Ordinance XLI of 1962.

The Board was tasked with preparing, publishing, and distributing textbooks to ensure standardized education across West Pakistan.

Explanation

Explanation

The term curriculum is derived from the Latin word Currere.

Curriculum means: To run the course.

It refers to the structured set of subjects or learning experiences designed for students in an educational system.

Explanation

All electromagnetic waves (like light, X-rays, and radio waves) travel through a vacuum at the same constant speed.

It is approximately 3 × 10⁸ meters per second.

Explanation

If mango juice is 20%, then apple juice is 80% (since 100% – 20% = 80%).

The ratio of mango to apple juice is 20:80, which simplifies to 1:4.

Explanation

Curriculum development involves the complete process of designing, implementing, and evaluating the curriculum.

It includes planning the content, teaching methods, assessing learning outcomes, and making improvements based on feedback.