Explanation

John Dewey is known as the father of the activity-based curriculum due to his emphasis on learning by doing.

He believed education should be child-centered and connected to real-life experiences.

Explanation

Brainstorming is a widely used technique to generate creative ideas and solutions by encouraging free thinking without immediate judgment.

It helps individuals or groups explore multiple possibilities quickly, fostering innovation and originality.

Explanation

The Activity method focuses on engaging students actively in the learning process, making science more hands-on and experiential.

It is considered an effective method for teaching science at the elementary level in Pakistan, as it encourages exploration and inquiry-based learning.

Explanation

The process in which numbers are assigned to a person's performance is called Measurement

 Measurement refers to the act of assigning numerical values to specific traits or characteristics of an individual, based on a defined set of rules or criteria. 

Explanation

At the primary level, teaching in the mother tongue helps children understand better and feel more comfortable.

Teachers using the child's native language can connect better.

It often show more patience in communication and learning.

Explanation

Edward Thorndike introduced the Laws of Learning, particularly the Law of Effect, which states that behaviors followed by satisfying outcomes are more likely to be repeated.

His work laid the foundation for behaviorist theories in psychology and education, focusing on how animals and humans learn through trial and error.

Explanation

Explanation

The idea of practical learning means that education should apply to the real world, preparing students for life's challenges and situations.

This approach emphasizes the importance of:

• Applying theoretical knowledge to practical problems
• Developing skills and competencies for everyday life
• Encouraging critical thinking and problem-solving
• Making learning relevant and meaningful

Explanation

The Sharif Commission, also known as the National Commission on Education.

It was initiated by the government of President Muhammad Ayub Khan in 1959.

This commission was formed with the goal of reforming Pakistan's educational system to better meet the needs of the nation.

The commission was headed by S.M. Sharif.

Explanation

Think-pair-share, jigsaw, round robin brainstorming, and three-minute review are interactive techniques that promote student collaboration.

These are key strategies in cooperative learning, where students work together to enhance understanding.